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1 sit
sitpresent participle - sitting; verb1) (to (cause to) rest on the buttocks; to (cause to) be seated: He likes sitting on the floor; They sat me in the chair and started asking questions.) sitte2) (to lie or rest; to have a certain position: The parcel is sitting on the table.) stå, ligge3) ((with on) to be an official member of (a board, committee etc): He sat on several committees.) sitte (på), være medlem av4) ((of birds) to perch: An owl was sitting in the tree by the window.) sitte5) (to undergo (an examination).) være oppe til eksamen6) (to take up a position, or act as a model, in order to have one's picture painted or one's photograph taken: She is sitting for a portrait/photograph.) sitte modell7) ((of a committee, parliament etc) to be in session: Parliament sits from now until Christmas.) være samlet, holde møte•- sitter- sitting
- sit-in
- sitting-room
- sitting target
- sitting duck
- sit back
- sit down
- sit out
- sit tight
- sit uppasse--------ruge--------sitteIsubst. \/sɪt\/1) tid tilbragt sittende2) passformII1) sitte, sette seg2) (parlamentarisk, om domstol e.l.) holde (retts)møte, være samlet, være inne (om jury)3) ( om klær) sitte, passe4) (britisk, om eksamen) ta, gå opp til5) ( på hest) sitte på, sitte godt, ri6) ( om dyr) sitte (hund, fugl), ligge (fugl), ruge (fugl)7) (amer. sport) sitte på benken, ikke spille8) ( ofte i sammensetninger) være barnevakt, passe9) (om bord, rom og bygning) ta, romme, være plass til10) passe (sammen med), behage11) (amer.) ståsit at somebody's feet være noens elev, være noens disippelsit back sette seg til rette, lene seg tilbake hvile seg, koble av ( overført) sitte med armene i kors, forholde seg passivsit by sitte med hendene i fanget, forholde seg passivsit down sette (seg) ned, sitte ned, slå seg ned• won't you sit down?( fly) lande sette seg til forhandlingsbordetsit down before innlede beleiringen avsit down under finne seg isit for sitte modell forrepresentere, være parlamentsmedlem for( om eksamen) gå opp til, være oppe tilsit heavy on somebody ( overført) tynge noen, bekymre noensit in overvære, være til stede, delta ( protestaksjon) okkupere et sted, delta i en sit-in ( hverdagslig) sitte barnevakt ( musikk) spille (sammen) medsit in for vikariere forsit in on delta i\/på, være til stede påsit lightly on somebody bære noe godtsit on sitte på ( hverdagslig) holde nede, ydmyke, sette på plassdysse ned ( mest jus) sitte i, tilhøre( hverdagslig) sitte på, ikke behandlesit on one's arse ( vulgært) sitte på ræva (ikke gjøre noen ting)sit on somebody's tail ( bilkjøring) ligge kloss oppisit (heavy) on the stomach ( om mat) være tungt fordøyeligsit out sitte ute sitte over, stå oversitte (igjen) til det er slutt\/ferdig• did she sit the play out?bli lenger enn, ri av• did you sit out the other guests?sit somebody up hjelpe noen med å reise seg opp, reise opp noensit through sitte (igjen) til det er slutt, bli sittendesitting pretty sitte trygt i det, være sikretsit up sitte oppreist, sitte rett, sette seg opp• sit up straight!sitte oppe, vake( overført) våkne, skjerpe seg, spisse ørenesit up straight sitte rett strekke på seg -
2 sit
[sɪt]гл.; прош. вр., прич. прош. вр. sat1)а) сидеть; садитьсяHe sat back in his chair. — Он откинулся на спинку кресла.
б) сажать, усаживать, рассаживатьSit yourself over there. — Усаживайтесь вон там.
We can sit twelve guests at our dinner table. — Мы можем разместить двенадцать гостей за нашим обеденным столом.
2) вмещать; быть рассчитанным на какое-л. количество мест3) сидеть на яйцах, высиживать птенцов ( о птице)4)а) позировать (художнику, фотографу)She earned a reasonable living by sitting for art students in the life class. — Она обеспечивала себе довольно безбедное существование, позируя студентам-художникам в классе натуры.
5)а) находиться, быть расположенным; стоятьThe car sits in the garage. — Машина стоит в гараже.
The church sits back from the main street. — Церковь находится в стороне от главной улицы.
б) уст. проживать6) сидеть, облегать ( о платье)The dress sits ill on her. — Платье сидит на ней плохо.
His principles sit loosely on him. — Его принципы ему не мешают.
7) = to sit in session проводить заседание, заседать ( о суде или парламенте)8) = sit in присматривать за ребёнком в отсутствие родителейHave you found anyone suitable to sit in this evening? — Ты нашел кого-нибудь, кто мог бы посидеть с ребенком сегодня вечером?
9) ( sit for)Members of his family have sat for the town for over a century. — Члены его семьи представляли город в парламенте в течение более чем столетия.
б) заниматьсяto sit for an examination — готовиться к экзамену; сдавать экзамен
10) ( sit (up)on)а) быть членом ( комиссии)Please don't ask me to sit on any more committees this year. — Пожалуйста, в этом году не просите меня больше участвовать ни в каких комитетах.
б) разбирать (дело и т. п.)The police are still sitting on the mystery of the stolen jewels. — Полиция все ещё работает над загадочным исчезновением драгоценных камней.
в) разг. осадить; приструнитьThat boy will have to be sat on hard; he can't be allowed to behave like that. — Этого мальчика нужно как следует приструнить: нельзя разрешать ему вести себя подобным образом.
г) разг. скрывать, засекречиватьWe'd better sit on the jewels for several months, until it's safe to try to sell them. — Лучше спрятать драгоценности на несколько месяцев, пока не станет безопасно продавать их.
д) разг. тянуть с ответом, оттягивать (решение и т. п.)The shop has been sitting on my complaint for more than a month. — Магазин почти месяц не давал ответа на мою жалобу.
11) ( sit under) слушать проповеди; учиться у (какого-л. преподавателя)In my youth I had the great honour to sit under a very famous teacher. — В юности я был удостоен великой чести заниматься у очень известного преподавателя.
•- sit around
- sit back
- sit down
- sit in
- sit out
- sit through
- sit up••to sit on the fence — занимать нейтральную или выжидательную позицию
to sit pretty разг. — неплохо устроиться, находиться в выигрышном положении
to sit at smb.'s feet — благоговейно внимать чьим-л. словам, преклоняться перед кем-л.
- sit on one's handsto sit down hard on smth. — решительно воспротивиться чему-л.
- sit loose -
3 sit
sitpresent participle - sitting; verb1) (to (cause to) rest on the buttocks; to (cause to) be seated: He likes sitting on the floor; They sat me in the chair and started asking questions.) sentar(se)2) (to lie or rest; to have a certain position: The parcel is sitting on the table.) estar, encontrarse3) ((with on) to be an official member of (a board, committee etc): He sat on several committees.) ser miembro (de), formar parte (de)4) ((of birds) to perch: An owl was sitting in the tree by the window.) posarse5) (to undergo (an examination).) presentarse (a)6) (to take up a position, or act as a model, in order to have one's picture painted or one's photograph taken: She is sitting for a portrait/photograph.) posar7) ((of a committee, parliament etc) to be in session: Parliament sits from now until Christmas.) reunirse•- sitter- sitting
- sit-in
- sitting-room
- sitting target
- sitting duck
- sit back
- sit down
- sit out
- sit tight
- sit up
sit vb1. sentarse2. estar sentadotr[sɪt]1 (child etc) sentar ( down, -)2 (room, hall, etc) tener cabida para; (table) ser para3 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (exam) presentarse a■ sit down, please siéntense, por favor■ sit! ¡siéntate!2 (be seated) estar sentado,-a4 (person) quedarse■ don't just sit there! ¡no te quedes allí sentado!6 (bird) posarse (on, en); (hen on eggs) empollar (on, -)7 (be a member) ser miembro (on, de), formar parte (on, de)8 (parliament etc) reunirse (en sesión)■ the House sat until 2.00 am la Cámara estuvo reunida hasta las 2.00\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto sit in judgement on enjuiciar ato sit on one's hands cruzarse de brazos, estar mano sobre manoto sit on somebody's tail pisarle los talones a alguiento sit on the fence ver los toros desde la barrera, nadar entre dos aguasto sit tight mantenerse en sus trece, quedarse en un sitioto sit up and take notice prestar atención1) : sentarse, estar sentadohe sat down: se sentó2) roost: posarse3) : sesionarthe legislature is sitting: la legislatura está en sesión4) pose: posar (para un retrato)5) lie, rest: estar (ubicado)the house sits on a hill: la casa está en una colinasit vtseat: sentar, colocarI sat him on the sofa: lo senté en el sofáexpr.• siéntate expr.v.(§ p.,p.p.: sat) = empollar v.• encobar v.• presentarse para un examen v.• sentar v.• sentarse v.sɪt
1.
1)a) ( sit down) sentarse*b) ( be seated) estar* sentadodon't just sit there: do something! — no te quedes ahí sentado: haz algo!
to be sitting pretty — (colloq) estar* bien situado or (fam) colocado
2)a) ( Art)to sit (FOR somebody/something) — \<\<for artist/photograph\>\> posar (para algn/algo)
b) (Adm, Govt)to sit in Congress — tener* un escaño en el Congreso, ser* diputado/senador; see also sit on 1)
c) ( be in session) \<\<committee/court\>\> reunirse* en sesión, sesionar (esp AmL)3) ( weigh)4) ( brood) \<\<hen/bird\>\> empollarsitting tenant — (BrE) inquilino, -na m,f ( a quien no se puede desalojar)
2.
sit vt1) ( cause to be seated) \<\<person\>\> sentar*; \<\<object\>\> poner*, colocar* ( en posición vertical)sit yourself beside me — siéntate a mi lado or junto a mí
2) (BrE Educ)to sit an exam — hacer* or dar* or (CS) rendir* or (Méx) tomar un examen, examinarse (Esp)
•Phrasal Verbs:- sit back- sit down- sit in- sit on- sit out- sit up[sɪt] (pt, pp sat)1. VIdon't just sit there, do something! — ¡no te quedes ahí sentado, haz algo!
are you sitting comfortably? — ¿estás cómodo (en la silla)?
they were sitting in a traffic jam for two hours — estuvieron dos horas metidos en un atasco sin moverse
to sit still/straight — estarse or (LAm) quedarse quieto/ponerse derecho (en la silla)
will you sit still! — ¡te quieres estar or quedar quieto (en la silla)!
- be sitting prettyto sit tight —
"sit tight, I'll be right back" — -no te muevas, ahora vuelvo
fence 1., 1)we'll just have to sit tight till we hear from him — tendremos que esperar sin hacer nada hasta recibir noticias suyas
2) (=sit down) sentarse; (=alight) [bird] posarsesit by me — siéntate a mi lado, siéntate conmigo
3) (Art, Phot) (=pose)to sit for a painter/a portrait — posar para un pintor/un retrato
4) (Educ)5) (Brit)(Pol)to sit for Bury — representar a Bury, ser diputado de or por Bury
sit onto sit in Parliament — ser diputado, ser miembro del Parlamento
6) (=be in session) [assembly] reunirse, celebrar sesiónjudgement7) (=be situated) [object] estar colocado; [building] estar situado8) (=weigh)it sat heavy on his conscience — le pesaba en la conciencia, le producía remordimientos de conciencia
9) (=be compatible)his authoritarian style did not sit well with their progressive educational policies — su estilo autoritario era poco compatible con la política educativa activa de ellos
10) (=to fit) [clothing] sentarto sit well/badly (on sb) — sentar bien/mal (a algn)
11) (=babysit) cuidar a los niños2. VT1) [+ person] sentar; [+ object] colocar2) (=have capacity for)the concert hall sits 2,000 (people) — el auditorio tiene cabida or capacidad para 2.000 personas
3) [+ exam, test] presentarse ato sit an examination in French — presentarse a un examen de francés, examinarse de francés
- sit back- sit down- sit in- sit on- sit out- sit up- sit upon* * *[sɪt]
1.
1)a) ( sit down) sentarse*b) ( be seated) estar* sentadodon't just sit there: do something! — no te quedes ahí sentado: haz algo!
to be sitting pretty — (colloq) estar* bien situado or (fam) colocado
2)a) ( Art)to sit (FOR somebody/something) — \<\<for artist/photograph\>\> posar (para algn/algo)
b) (Adm, Govt)to sit in Congress — tener* un escaño en el Congreso, ser* diputado/senador; see also sit on 1)
c) ( be in session) \<\<committee/court\>\> reunirse* en sesión, sesionar (esp AmL)3) ( weigh)4) ( brood) \<\<hen/bird\>\> empollarsitting tenant — (BrE) inquilino, -na m,f ( a quien no se puede desalojar)
2.
sit vt1) ( cause to be seated) \<\<person\>\> sentar*; \<\<object\>\> poner*, colocar* ( en posición vertical)sit yourself beside me — siéntate a mi lado or junto a mí
2) (BrE Educ)to sit an exam — hacer* or dar* or (CS) rendir* or (Méx) tomar un examen, examinarse (Esp)
•Phrasal Verbs:- sit back- sit down- sit in- sit on- sit out- sit up -
4 back
bæk
1. noun1) (in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine: She lay on her back.) espalda2) (in animals, the upper part of the body: She put the saddle on the horse's back.) lomo3) (that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front: the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.) parte trasera, fondo4) (in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards.) defensa
2. adjective(of or at the back: the back door.) de detrás, trasero
3. adverb1) (to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came: I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.) de vuelta2) (away (from something); not near (something): Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!) hacia atrás, para atrás3) (towards the back (of something): Sit back in your chair.) hacia atrás, para atrás4) (in return; in response to: When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back.) de vuelta5) (to, or in, the past: Think back to your childhood.) atrás
4. verb1) (to (cause to) move backwards: He backed (his car) out of the garage.) dar marcha atrás, mover hacia atrás2) (to help or support: Will you back me against the others?) apoyar3) (to bet or gamble on: I backed your horse to win.) apostar a•- backer- backbite
- backbiting
- backbone
- backbreaking
- backdate
- backfire
- background
- backhand
5. adverb(using backhand: She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.) del revés; con el dorso de la mano- backlog- back-number
- backpack
- backpacking: go backpacking
- backpacker
- backside
- backslash
- backstroke
- backup
- backwash
- backwater
- backyard
- back down
- back of
- back on to
- back out
- back up
- have one's back to the wall
- put someone's back up
- take a back seat
back1 adj trasero / de atrásback2 adv1. atrás / hacia atrásstand back! ¡atrás! / ¡apártate!2. de vuelta3. hacethat was years back! ¡eso fue hace años!we met back in 1983 nos conocimos en 1983 back también combina con muchos verbos. Aquí tienes algunos ejemplosback3 n1. espaldalie on your back échate de espaldas / échate boca arriba2. dorso / revés3. parte de atrás / fondocan you hear me at the back? ¿me escucháis al fondo?back4 vb1. apoyar / respaldar2. dar marcha atráshe backed the car into the garage metió el coche en el garaje de culo / metió el coche en el garaje dando marcha atrástr[bæk]1 (of person) espalda2 (of animal, book) lomo3 (of chair) respaldo4 (of hand) dorso5 (of knife, sword) canto6 (of coin, medal) reverso7 (of cheque) dorso8 (of stage, room, cupboard) fondo1 trasero,-a, de atrás1 (support) apoyar, respaldar2 (finance) financiar3 (bet on) apostar por\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLback to back espalda con espaldaback to front al revésto answer back replicarto be back estar de vueltato be glad to see the back of somebody estar contento de haberse quitado a alguien de encimato break one's back deslomarseto carry on one's back llevar a cuestasto fall on one's back caerse de espaldasto have somebody on one's back tener a alguien encimato come back / go back volverto get somebody's back up mosquear a alguiento get off somebody's back dejar de fastidiar a alguiento hit back devolver el golpe 2 figurative use contestar a una acusaciónto have one's back to the wall figurative use estar entre la espada y la paredto lie on one's back estar acostado,-a boca arribato give back devolverto put back volver a guardar en su sitioto put one's back into something arrimar el hombroto phone back volver a llamarto stand back apartarseto turn one's back on somebody volver la espalda a alguienback copy número retrasadoback door puerta traseraback number número atrasadoback pay atrasos nombre masculino pluralback row última filaback seat asiento de atrásback street callejuelaback wheel rueda traserashort back and sides corte nombre masculino de pelo casi al rapeback ['bæk] vt3) : estar detrás de, formar el fondo detrees back the garden: unos árboles están detrás del jardínback vi2)to back away : echarse atrás3)back adv1) : atrás, hacia atrás, detrásto move back: moverse atrásback and forth: de acá para allá2) ago: atrás, antes, yasome years back: unos años atrás, ya unos años10 months back: hace diez meses3) : de vuelta, de regresowe're back: estamos de vueltashe ran back: volvió corriendoto call back: llamar de nuevoback adj1) rear: de atrás, posterior, trasero2) overdue: atrasado3)back pay : atrasos mplback n1) : espalda f (de un ser humano), lomo m (de un animal)2) : respaldo m (de una silla), espalda f (de ropa)3) reverse: reverso m, dorso m, revés m4) rear: fondo m, parte f de atrás5) : defensa mf (en deportes)adj.• posterior adj.• trasero, -a adj.adv.• atrás adv.• detrás adv.• redro adv.n.• atrás s.m.• costilla s.f.• dorso s.m.• envés s.m.• espalda s.f.• espaldar s.m.• fondo s.m.• lomo s.m.• respaldo s.m.• reverso s.m.• revés s.m.• trasera s.f.v.• apadrinar v.• mover hacia atrás v.• respaldar v.bæk
I
behind somebody's back: they laugh at him behind his back se ríen de él a sus espaldas; to be on somebody's back (colloq) estarle* encima a alguien; get off my back! déjame en paz (fam); to break the back of something hacer* la parte más difícil/la mayor parte de algo; to get o put somebody's back up (colloq) irritar a alguien; to put one's back into something poner* empeño en algo; to turn one's back on somebody — volverle* la espalda a alguien; scratch II d)
2) ca) ( of chair) respaldo m; (of dress, jacket) espalda f; (of electrical appliance, watch) tapa fb) (reverse side - of envelope, photo) dorso m, revés m; (- of head) parte f posterior or de atrás; (- of hand) dorso mc)back to front: your sweater is on back to front — te has puesto el suéter al revés; hand I 2)
3) c u ( rear part)I'll sit in the back — ( of car) yo me siento detrás or (en el asiento de) atrás
(in) back of the sofa — (AmE) detrás del sofá
he's out back in the yard — (AmE) está en el patio, al fondo
in the back of beyond — donde el diablo perdió el poncho (AmL fam), en el quinto pino (Esp fam)
4) c ( Sport) defensa mf, zaguero, -ra m,f
II
adjective (before n, no comp)1) ( at rear) trasero, de atrás2) ( of an earlier date)back number o issue — número m atrasado
III
1) (indicating return, repetition)meanwhile, back at the house... — mientras tanto, en la casa...
to run/fly back — volver* corriendo/en avión
they had us back the following week — nos devolvieron la invitación la semana siguiente; see also go, take back
2) (in reply, reprisal)3)a) ( backward)b) ( toward the rear) atráswe can't hear you back here — aquí atrás no te oímos; see also hold, keep back
4) (in, into the past)5)back and forth — = backward(s) and forward(s): see backward II d)
IV
1.
1)a) \<\<person/decision\>\> respaldar, apoyarb) ( bet money on) \<\<horse/winner\>\> apostar* por2) ( reverse)he backed the car out of the garage — sacó el coche del garaje dando marcha atrás or (Col, Méx) en reversa
3) ( lie behind)4) ( Mus) acompañar
2.
vi \<\<vehicle/driver\>\> dar* marcha atrás, echar or meter reversa (Col, Méx)he backed into a lamppost — se dio contra una farola al dar marcha atrás or al meter reversa
Phrasal Verbs:- back off- back out- back up[bæk] When back is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come back, go back, put back, look up the verb.1. NOUN1) (=part of body)a) [of person] espalda f; [of animal] lomo m•
I've got a bad back — tengo la espalda mal, tengo un problema de espalda•
to shoot sb in the back — disparar a algn por la espalda•
he was lying on his back — estaba tumbado boca arribato carry sth/sb on one's back — llevar algo/a algn a la espalda
•
to have one's back to sth/sb — estar de espaldas a algo/algnb)- break the back of sth- get off sb's back- get sb's back up- live off the back of sb- be on sb's backshares rose on the back of two major new deals — las acciones subieron a consecuencia de dos nuevos e importantes tratos
- put one's back into sth- put one's back into doing sth- put sb's back upto see the back of sb —
- have one's back to the wallflat I, 1., 1), stab 1., 1)2) (=reverse side) [of cheque, envelope] dorso m, revés m; [of hand] dorso m; [of head] parte f de atrás, parte f posterior more frm; [of dress] espalda f; [of medal] reverso mto know sth like the back of one's hand —
3) (=rear) [of room, hall] fondo m; [of chair] respaldo m; [of car] parte f trasera, parte f de atrás; [of book] (=back cover) tapa f posterior; (=spine) lomo mthere was damage to the back of the car — la parte trasera or de atrás del coche resultó dañada
•
at the back (of) — [+ building] en la parte de atrás (de); [+ cupboard, hall, stage] en el fondo (de)be quiet at the back! — ¡los de atrás guarden silencio!
they sat at the back of the bus — se sentaron en la parte de atrás del autobús, se sentaron al fondo del autobús
this idea had been at the back of his mind for several days — esta idea le había estado varios días rondándole la cabeza
•
the ship broke its back — el barco se partió por la mitad•
in back of the house — (US) detrás de la casa•
the toilet's out the back — el baño está fuera en la parte de atrásbeyond 2., mind 1., 1)•
they keep the car round the back — dejan el coche detrás de la casa4) (Sport) (=defender) defensa mf•
the team is weak at the back — la defensa del equipo es débil2. ADVERB1) (in space) atrásstand back! — ¡atrás!
keep (well) back! — (=out of danger) ¡quédate ahí atrás!
keep back! — (=don't come near me) ¡no te acerques!
meanwhile, back in London/back at the airport — mientras, en Londres/en el aeropuerto
he little suspected how worried they were back at home — qué poco sospechaba lo preocupados que estaban en casa
to go back and forth — [person] ir de acá para allá
•
back from the road — apartado de la carretera2) (in time)it all started back in 1980 — todo empezó ya en 1980, todo empezó allá en 1980 liter
3) (=returned)•
to be back — volverwhen/what time will you be back? — ¿cuándo/a qué hora vuelves?, ¿cuándo/a qué hora estarás de vuelta?
he's not back yet — aún no ha vuelto, aún no está de vuelta
black is back (in fashion) — vuelve (a estar de moda) el negro, se vuelve a llevar el negro
•
he went to Paris and back — fue a París y volvió•
she's now back at work — ya ha vuelto al trabajo•
I'll be back by 6 — estaré de vuelta para las 6•
I'd like it back — quiero que me lo devuelvan•
full satisfaction or your money back — si no está totalmente satisfecho, le devolvemos el dinero•
everything is back to normal — todo ha vuelto a la normalidadhit back•
I want it back — quiero que me lo devuelvan3. TRANSITIVE VERB1) (=reverse) [+ vehicle] dar marcha atrás a2) (=support)a) (=back up) [+ plan, person] apoyarb) (=finance) [+ person, enterprise] financiarc) (Mus) [+ singer] acompañar3) (=bet on) [+ horse] apostar porto back the wrong horse — (lit) apostar por el caballo perdedor
Russia backed the wrong horse in him — (fig) Rusia se ha equivocado al apoyar a él
to back a winner — (lit) apostar por el ganador
he is confident that he's backing a winner — (fig) (person) está seguro de que está dando su apoyo a un ganador; (idea, project) está seguro de que va a funcionar bien
4) (=attach backing to) [+ rug, quilt] forrar4. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) [person]a) (in car) dar marcha atrásb) (=step backwards) echarse hacia atrás, retrocederhe backed into a table — se echó hacia atrás y se dio con una mesa, retrocedió y se dio con una mesa
2) (=change direction) [wind] cambiar de dirección (en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj)5. ADJECTIVE1) (=rear) [leg, pocket, wheel] de atrás, trasero2) (=previous, overdue) [rent, tax, issue] atrasado6.COMPOUNDSback alley N — callejuela f (que recorre la parte de atrás de una hilera de casas)
back boiler N — caldera f pequeña (detrás de una chimenea)
back burner N — quemador m de detrás
- put sth on the back burnerback catalogue N — (Mus) catálogo m de grabaciones discográficas
back copy N — (Press) número m atrasado
back-countrythe back country N — (US) zona f rural (con muy baja densidad de población)
back cover N — contraportada f
- do sth by or through the back doorback formation N — (Ling) derivación f regresiva
back garden N — (Brit) jardín m trasero
back lot N — (Cine) exteriores mpl (del estudio); [of house, hotel, company premises] solar m trasero
back marker N — (Brit) (Sport) competidor(a) m / f rezagado(-a)
back matter N — [of book] apéndices mpl
back number N — [of magazine, newspaper] número m atrasado
back page N — contraportada f
back passage N — (Brit) euph recto m
back rub N — (=massage) masaje m en la espalda
•
to give sb a back rub — masajearle la espalda a algn, darle un masaje a algn en la espalda- take a back seatback somersault N — salto m mortal hacia atrás
back stop N — (Sport) red que se coloca alrededor de una cancha para impedir que se escapen las pelotas
back tooth N — muela f
back view N —
the back view of the hotel is very impressive — el hotel visto desde atrás es impresionante, la parte de atrás del hotel es impresionante
back vowel N — (Ling) vocal f posterior
- back off- back out- back up* * *[bæk]
I
behind somebody's back: they laugh at him behind his back se ríen de él a sus espaldas; to be on somebody's back (colloq) estarle* encima a alguien; get off my back! déjame en paz (fam); to break the back of something hacer* la parte más difícil/la mayor parte de algo; to get o put somebody's back up (colloq) irritar a alguien; to put one's back into something poner* empeño en algo; to turn one's back on somebody — volverle* la espalda a alguien; scratch II d)
2) ca) ( of chair) respaldo m; (of dress, jacket) espalda f; (of electrical appliance, watch) tapa fb) (reverse side - of envelope, photo) dorso m, revés m; (- of head) parte f posterior or de atrás; (- of hand) dorso mc)back to front: your sweater is on back to front — te has puesto el suéter al revés; hand I 2)
3) c u ( rear part)I'll sit in the back — ( of car) yo me siento detrás or (en el asiento de) atrás
(in) back of the sofa — (AmE) detrás del sofá
he's out back in the yard — (AmE) está en el patio, al fondo
in the back of beyond — donde el diablo perdió el poncho (AmL fam), en el quinto pino (Esp fam)
4) c ( Sport) defensa mf, zaguero, -ra m,f
II
adjective (before n, no comp)1) ( at rear) trasero, de atrás2) ( of an earlier date)back number o issue — número m atrasado
III
1) (indicating return, repetition)meanwhile, back at the house... — mientras tanto, en la casa...
to run/fly back — volver* corriendo/en avión
they had us back the following week — nos devolvieron la invitación la semana siguiente; see also go, take back
2) (in reply, reprisal)3)a) ( backward)b) ( toward the rear) atráswe can't hear you back here — aquí atrás no te oímos; see also hold, keep back
4) (in, into the past)5)back and forth — = backward(s) and forward(s): see backward II d)
IV
1.
1)a) \<\<person/decision\>\> respaldar, apoyarb) ( bet money on) \<\<horse/winner\>\> apostar* por2) ( reverse)he backed the car out of the garage — sacó el coche del garaje dando marcha atrás or (Col, Méx) en reversa
3) ( lie behind)4) ( Mus) acompañar
2.
vi \<\<vehicle/driver\>\> dar* marcha atrás, echar or meter reversa (Col, Méx)he backed into a lamppost — se dio contra una farola al dar marcha atrás or al meter reversa
Phrasal Verbs:- back off- back out- back up -
5 move
move [mu:v]mouvement ⇒ 1 (a) déménagement ⇒ 1 (b) changement d'emploi ⇒ 1 (c) pas ⇒ 1 (d) tour ⇒ 1 (e) déplacer ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (c) bouger ⇒ 2 (a), 3 (a) transférer ⇒ 2 (b) déménager ⇒ 2 (d), 3 (f) émouvoir ⇒ 2 (e) pousser ⇒ 2 (f) céder ⇒ 2 (g) partir ⇒ 3 (d) jouer ⇒ 3 (e) se déplacer ⇒ 3 (e) avancer ⇒ 3 (h)1 noun(a) (movement) mouvement m;∎ with one move she was by his side en un éclair, elle fut à ses côtés;∎ one move out of you and you're dead! un seul geste et tu es mort!;∎ he made a move to take out his wallet il s'apprêta à sortir son portefeuille;∎ the police were watching her every move la police surveillait ses moindres gestes;∎ to make a move (leave) y aller, bouger;∎ it's late, I ought to be making a move il se fait tard, il faut que j'y aille ou que je parte;∎ she made a move to leave elle se leva pour partir;∎ familiar to get a move on se grouiller;∎ familiar get a move on! grouille-toi!, active!(b) (change of home, premises) déménagement m;∎ how did the move go? comment s'est passé le déménagement?;∎ we're considering a move to bigger premises nous envisageons d'emménager dans des locaux plus spacieux(c) (change of job) changement m d'emploi;∎ after ten years in the same firm she felt it was time for a move après dix ans dans la même société elle avait le sentiment qu'il était temps de changer d'air ou d'horizon(d) (step, measure) pas m, démarche f;∎ she made the first move elle a fait le premier pas;∎ she wondered when he would make his move elle se demandait quand il allait se décider;∎ don't make a move without contacting me ne fais rien sans me contacter;∎ familiar to make a move on sb faire des avances à qn;∎ the new management's first move was to increase all salaries la première mesure de la nouvelle direction a été de relever tous les salaires;∎ at one time there was a move to expand à un moment, on avait envisagé de s'agrandir;∎ what do you think their next move will be? selon vous, que vont-ils faire maintenant?;∎ they made an unsuccessful move to stop the war ils firent une tentative infructueuse pour arrêter la guerre;∎ the government has made moves towards resolving the problem le gouvernement a pris des mesures pour résoudre le problème∎ it's my move c'est à moi (de jouer);∎ Chess white mates in two moves les blancs font mat en deux coups;∎ white always has first move c'est toujours les blancs qui commencent;∎ in chess the first thing to learn is the moves la première chose à apprendre aux échecs, c'est la façon dont les pièces se déplacent sur l'échiquier ou le déplacement des pièces sur l'échiquier∎ this key moves the cursor towards the right cette touche déplace le curseur vers la droite;∎ move the lever to the left poussez le levier vers la gauche;∎ we moved all the chairs indoors/outdoors nous avons rentré/sorti toutes les chaises;∎ move your chair closer to the table rapproche ta chaise de la table;∎ we've moved the couch into the spare room nous avons mis le canapé dans la chambre d'amis;∎ move all those papers off the table! enlève tous ces papiers de la table!, débarrasse la table de tous ces papiers!;∎ don't move anything on my desk ne touche à rien sur mon bureau;∎ I can't move my leg je n'arrive pas à bouger la jambe;∎ can you move your leg (out of the way), please est-ce que tu peux pousser ta jambe, s'il te plaît?;∎ move your head to the left inclinez la tête vers la gauche;∎ he moves his lips when he reads il remue les lèvres en lisant;∎ Chess she moved a pawn elle a joué un pion;∎ familiar move it! grouille-toi!(b) (send elsewhere → prisoner, troops etc) transférer;∎ move all these people out of the courtyard faites sortir tous ces gens de la cour;∎ she's been moved to the New York office/to accounts elle a été mutée au bureau de New York/affectée à la comptabilité;∎ he asked to be moved to a room with a sea view il a demandé qu'on lui donne une chambre avec vue sur la mer;∎ troops are being moved into the area des troupes sont envoyées dans la région;∎ he's decided to move his family to England (he is in England) il a décidé de faire venir sa famille en Angleterre; (he is elsewhere) il a décidé d'envoyer sa famille en Angleterre(c) (change time or date of) déplacer;∎ the meeting has been moved to Friday (postponed) la réunion a été remise à vendredi; (brought forward) la réunion a été avancée à vendredi(d) (to new premises, location)∎ the company that moved us la firme qui s'est chargée de ou qui a effectué notre déménagement;∎ to move house déménager(e) (affect, touch) émouvoir;∎ I was deeply moved j'ai été profondément ému ou touché;∎ to move sb to anger provoquer la colère de qn;∎ to move sb to tears émouvoir qn (jusqu')aux larmes;∎ to move sb to pity exciter la pitié de qn(f) (motivate, prompt) pousser, inciter;∎ to move sb to do sth pousser ou inciter qn à faire qch;∎ what moved you to change your mind? qu'est-ce qui vous a fait changer d'avis?∎ nothing will move him il est inflexible;∎ the Prime Minister will not be moved le Premier ministre ne cédera pas d'un pouce;∎ we shall not be moved! nous ne céderons pas!∎ to move an amendment proposer un amendement;∎ I move that we vote on it je propose que nous procédions au vote∎ we must move these goods quickly nous devons vendre ces marchandises rapidement∎ to move one's bowels aller à la selle(a) (shift, change position) bouger;∎ don't move! ne bougez pas!;∎ I'm sure the curtains moved je suis sûr d'avoir vu les rideaux bouger;∎ something moved in the bushes quelque chose a bougé dans les buissons;∎ I was so scared I couldn't move j'étais pétrifié (de terreur);∎ the train was so crowded, I could barely move le train était tellement bondé que je pouvais à peine bouger ou faire un mouvement;∎ you can't move for furniture in their flat il y a tellement de meubles dans leur appartement qu'il n'y a pas la place de se retourner;∎ the handle won't move la poignée ne bouge pas;∎ she wouldn't move out of my way elle ne voulait pas s'écarter de mon chemin;∎ could you move so that we can get in? pourriez-vous vous pousser que nous puissions entrer?;∎ the dancers move so elegantly les danceurs évoluent avec beaucoup de grâce(b) (be in motion → vehicle)∎ the line of cars was moving slowly down the road la file de voitures avançait lentement le long de la route;∎ wait till the car stops moving attends que la voiture soit arrêtée;∎ I jumped off while the train was still moving j'ai sauté avant l'arrêt du train;∎ the truck started moving backwards le camion a commencé à reculer∎ the guests moved into/out of the dining room les invités passèrent dans/sortirent de la salle à manger;∎ the depression is moving westwards la dépression se déplace vers l'ouest;∎ the demonstrators were moving towards the embassy les manifestants se dirigeaient vers l'ambassade;∎ the hands of the clock moved inexorably towards midnight les aiguilles de l'horloge s'approchaient inexorablement de minuit;∎ small clouds moved across the sky de petits nuages traversaient le ciel;∎ the earth moves round the sun la Terre tourne autour du Soleil;∎ figurative public opinion is moving to the left/right l'opinion publique évolue vers la gauche/droite;∎ to move in high circles fréquenter la haute société∎ it's getting late, I ought to be or get moving il se fait tard, il faut que j'y aille ou que je parte∎ you can't move until you've thrown a six on ne peut pas jouer avant d'avoir fait sortir ou d'avoir amené un six;∎ Chess white to move and mate in three les blancs jouent et font mat en trois coups;∎ Chess pawns can't move backwards les pions ne peuvent pas reculer(f) (to new premises, location) déménager;∎ when are you moving? quand est-ce que vous déménagez?;∎ when are you moving to your new apartment? quand est-ce que vous emménagez dans votre nouvel appartement?;∎ she's moving to San Francisco elle va habiter (à) San Francisco;∎ the company has moved to more modern premises la société s'est installée dans des locaux plus modernes(g) (change job, profession)∎ he's moved to a job in publishing il travaille maintenant dans l'édition(h) (develop, progress) avancer, progresser;∎ things have started moving now les choses ont commencé à avancer;∎ to get things moving faire avancer les choses∎ that car can really move! cette voiture a quelque chose dans le ventre!;∎ she's really moving now maintenant elle fonce vraiment(j) (take action) agir;∎ if you want to succeed now is the time to move si vous voulez réussir, il vous faut agir maintenant ou dès à présent;∎ the town council moved to have the school closed down la municipalité a pris des mesures pour faire fermer l'école;∎ I'll get moving on it first thing tomorrow je m'en occuperai demain à la première heure∎ they won't move on the question of compensation ils ne céderont ou ne fléchiront pas sur la question des compensations∎ the new model isn't moving very quickly le nouveau modèle ne se vend pas très vite∎ have your bowels moved today? êtes-vous allé à la selle aujourd'hui?∎ to be on the move être en déplacement;∎ he's a travelling salesman, so he's always on the move c'est un représentant de commerce, voilà pourquoi il est toujours en déplacement ou il est toujours par monts et par vaux;∎ the enemy forces on the move les colonnes ennemies en marche ou en mouvement;∎ I've been on the move all day je n'ai pas arrêté de la journée;∎ we're a firm on the move nous sommes une entreprise dynamiquese déplacer, bouger;∎ I can hear somebody moving about upstairs j'entends des bruits de pas là-haut;∎ it's hard to move about on crutches c'est dur de se déplacer avec des béquillesdéplacer;∎ they keep moving her around from one department to another ils n'arrêtent pas de la faire passer d'un service à l'autre(a) (to make room) se déplacer, se pousser;∎ move along and let the old lady sit down poussez-vous un peu pour laisser la vieille dame s'asseoir∎ I ought to be moving along il faut que je m'en aille;∎ the policeman told us to move along le policier nous a dit de circuler;∎ move along please! circulez, s'il vous plaît!∎ moving along to my next question pour passer à ma question suivante;∎ the procession moved along painfully slowly le cortège avançait ou progressait terriblement lentement(bystanders, busker) faire circuler(a) (go in opposite direction) s'éloigner, partir;∎ he held out his arms to her but she moved away il lui tendit les bras mais elle s'éloigna;∎ the train moved slowly away le train partit lentement(b) (change address) déménager;∎ her best friend moved away sa meilleure amie a déménagééloigner(a) (back away) reculer(b) (return to original position) retourner;∎ they've moved back to the States ils sont retournés habiter ou ils sont rentrés aux États-Unis(b) (return to original position) remettre;∎ you can change the furniture around as long as you move it back afterwards vous pouvez déplacer les meubles à condition de les remettre ensuite à leur place ou là où ils étaient(a) (from higher level, floor, position) descendre;∎ School he moved down a class on l'a fait descendre d'une classe;∎ the team moved down to the fourth division l'équipe est descendue en quatrième division(b) (make room) se pousser;∎ move down, there's plenty of room inside poussez-vous, il y a de la place à l'intérieur∎ move down the bus, please avancez jusqu'au fond de l'autobus, s'il vous plaît(from higher level, floor, position) descendre;∎ School he was moved down a class on l'a fait passer dans la classe inférieure;∎ move this section down mettez cette section plus basavanceravancer;∎ she moved the clock forward one hour elle a avancé l'horloge d'une heure➲ move in(a) (into new home, premises) emménager;∎ his mother-in-law has moved in with them sa belle-mère s'est installée ou est venue habiter chez eux(b) (close in, approach) avancer, s'approcher;∎ the police began to move in on the demonstrators la police a commencé à avancer ou à se diriger vers les manifestants;∎ the camera then moves in on the bed la caméra s'approche ensuite du lit∎ another gang is trying to move in un autre gang essaie de mettre la main sur l'affaire;∎ the unions moved in and stopped the strike les syndicats prirent les choses en main et mirent un terme à la grève;∎ the market changed when the multinationals moved in le marché a changé quand les multinationales ont fait leur apparition(a) (install → furniture) installer;∎ the landlord moved another family in le propriétaire a loué à une autre famille(b) (send → troops) envoyer;∎ troops were moved in by helicopter les troupes ont été transportées par hélicoptères'éloigner, partir;∎ the train finally moved off le train partit ou s'ébranla enfin➲ move on(a) (proceed on one's way) poursuivre son chemin;∎ we spent a week in Athens, then we moved on to Crete on a passé une semaine à Athènes avant de partir pour la Crète;∎ a policeman told me to move on un policier m'a dit de circuler(b) (progress → to new job, new subject etc)∎ she's moved on to better things elle a trouvé une meilleure situation;∎ after five years in the same job I feel like moving on après avoir occupé le même emploi pendant cinq ans, j'ai envie de changer d'air;∎ technology has moved on since then la technologie a évolué depuis;∎ can we move on to the second point? pouvons-nous passer au deuxième point?(bystanders, busker) faire circuler➲ move out(a) (of home, premises) déménager;∎ when are you moving out of your room? quand est-ce que tu déménages de ou tu quittes ta chambre?;∎ his girlfriend has moved out sa petite amie ne vit plus avec lui∎ the troops will be moved out les troupes se retireront;∎ people were moved out of their homes to make way for the new road les gens ont dû quitter leur maison pour permettre la construction de la nouvelle route(a) (make room) se pousser;∎ move over and let me sit down pousse-toi pour que je puisse m'asseoir(b) (stand down → politician) se désister;∎ it's time he moved over to make way for a younger man il serait temps qu'il laisse la place à un homme plus jeune∎ we're moving over to mass production nous passons à la fabrication en série➲ move up(a) (to make room) se pousser;∎ move up and let me sit down pousse-toi pour que je puisse m'asseoir∎ School to move up a class passer dans la classe supérieure;∎ you've moved up in the world! tu en as fait du chemin!∎ our battalion's moving up to the front notre bataillon monte au front∎ shares moved up three points today les actions ont gagné trois points aujourd'hui(a) (to make room) pousser, écarter(b) (to higher level, floor, position) faire monter;∎ School he's been moved up a class on l'a fait passer dans la classe supérieure;∎ move this section up mettez cette section plus haut∎ another division has been moved up une autre division a été envoyée sur place -
6 take
I [teɪk]1) cinem. ripresa f.2) (catch) (of fish) pesca f.; (of game) carniere m.••II 1. [teɪk]to be on the take — colloq. prendere bustarelle
1) (take hold of) prendere [object, money]to take sb. by the hand — prendere qcn. per (la) mano
to take sth. out of — tirare fuori qcs. da [ box]
to take a knife to sb. — vibrare coltellate contro qcn
I'll take some apples, please — vorrei delle mele, per favore
3) (carry along) portare [ object]to take sb. sth. to take sth. to sb. portare qcs. a qcn.; to take the car to the garage portare la macchina dal meccanico; did he take an umbrella (with him)? — ha preso l'ombrello?
4) (accompany, lead)to take sb. to school — accompagnare qcn. a scuola
you can't take him anywhere! — scherz. non si può andare in giro con uno così!
7) (accept) [ machine] prendere [ coin]; [ shop] accettare [ credit card]; [ person] accettare, prendere [ bribe]; prendere [patients, pupils]; accettare [ job]; prendere [ phone call]; sopportare [pain, criticism]; accettare [ punishment]he can't take a joke — non accetta le battute, non sta allo scherzo
8) (require) [activity, course of action] richiedere [skill, courage]9) ling. reggere [object, case]10) (react to)to take sth. well, badly, seriously — prendere qcs. bene, male, sul serio
11) (adopt) adottare [measures, steps]12) (assume)to take sb. for o to be sth. prendere qcn. per; what do you take me for? per chi mi prendi? what do you take this poem to mean? — che significato dai a questa poesia?
13) (consider) fare [ example]; prendere (in esempio) [person, case]take John (for example),... — prendi John (per esempio)
14) (record) prendere [ notes]; prendere nota di [ statement]; misurare [temperature, blood pressure]; prendere, sentire [ pulse]to take sb.'s measurements — (for clothes) prendere le misure a qcn
15) (hold) [hall, bus, tank, container] (potere) contenere16) (wear) (in clothes) portare, avere [ size]to take a size 4 — (in shoes) portare il 37
17) fot. prendere, fare [ photograph]19) scol. univ. (study) studiare, prendere [ subject]; seguire [ course]; prendere [ lessons] (in di); (sit) dare [ exam]; fare [ test]; (teach) [ teacher] fare lezione a [ students]to take sb. for French — fare lezione di francese a qcn
20) (officiate at) [ priest] celebrare [ service]21) (capture) [ army] prendere, espugnare [fortress, city]; (in chess) [ player] mangiare [ piece]; (in cards) [ person] prendere, vincere [ prize]2.verbo intransitivo (pass. took; p.pass. taken) (have desired effect) [ drug] fare effetto; [ dye] prendere; (grow successfully) [ plant] attecchire- take in- take off- take on- take out- take to- take up••to take it o a lot out of sb. chiedere tanto a qcn.; to take it upon oneself to do farsi carico di fare; to take sb. out of himself fare distrarre o divertire qcn.; you can take it from me,... — credimi
* * *(to take or keep (someone) as a hostage: The police were unable to attack the terrorists because they were holding three people hostage.) prendere/tenere in ostaggio* * *take /teɪk/n.1 il prendere; presa2 quantità di selvaggina (di pesce, ecc.) presa; carniere (fig.): It was an excellent take, siamo tornati (sono tornati, ecc.) col carniere pieno; a great take of fish, una pesca eccezionale4 (cinem., TV) ripresa5 (fam.) guadagno; profitto; ricavo8 (fam.) bustarella; pizzo; tangente● (fam.) to be on the take, prendere la bustarella (o il pizzo); farsi corrompere.♦ (to) take /teɪk/A v. t.1 prendere; pigliare; afferrare; cogliere, sorprendere; catturare; conquistare, impadronirsi di; conquistare; guadagnare; ricevere; comprare; sottrarre; togliere; rubare: Will you take a glass of wine?, prendi (o vuoi) un bicchiere di vino?; to take st. (up) with one's hands, prendere qc. con le mani; to take sb. 's hand, prendere (o afferrare) la mano a q.; Let me take your coat!, posso prenderti il cappotto? ( lo metto a posto io, ecc.); I took the flat for a year, presi l'appartamento (in affitto) per un anno; Take what you like, piglia quello che vuoi!; He was taken in the act, è stato colto (o preso) in flagrante; The fortress was taken by the enemy, la fortezza fu conquistata (o presa) dal nemico; to take a Senate seat, conquistare un seggio al Senato (in Italia, ecc.); He takes three hundred pounds a month, guadagna (o prende) trecento sterline al mese; The thief took all the silver, il ladro ha rubato tutta l'argenteria; The shopkeeper took 10 p off the price, il negoziante tolse dieci penny dal prezzo; We take two newspapers daily, compriamo due giornali tutti i giorni2 prendere con sé; portare via; portare; condurre; accompagnare: Take your umbrella with you, prenditi l'ombrello!; Take these parcels to the post office, will you?, mi porti questi pacchi alla posta?; This path will take you to the river, questo sentiero ti porterà al fiume; I took my guest home, accompagnai a casa l'ospite; Take the children for a walk, porta i bambini a fare una passeggiata! NOTA D'USO: - to bring o to take?-3 prendere; accettare; assumere; accollarsi: Do you take credit cards?, accettate le carte di credito?; DIALOGO → - Paying 1- Which credit cards do you take?, quali carte di credito accettate?; to take holy orders, prendere gli ordini sacri; to take one's degree, prendere la laurea; They won't take our advice, non accettano i nostri consigli; He took the job, ha accettato il posto; They cannot take defeat, non riescono ad accettare la sconfitta; to take the blame, accollarsi (o assumersi) la colpa4 prendere; assumere; ingerire: to take a medicine, prendere una medicina; to take one's meals at a restaurant, prendere i pasti (o mangiare) al ristorante; to take drugs, assumere droga; drogarsi5 prendere; prendere in esame; considerare; giudicare; ritenere; reputare; valutare; supporre: to take sb. at his word, prendere q. in parola; to take st. as done, considerare qc. come già fatto; to take sb. as a swindler, prendere q. per un imbroglione; Let's take John, for instance, prendiamo John, per esempio; to take sb. at his face value, valutare q. per quello che sembra; I take it you're the person in charge here, se non sbaglio è lei che comanda qui; DIALOGO → - Wedding- I take it she said yes then?, suppongo che abbia detto di sì, quindi6 comprendere, intendere: Do you take my meaning?, intendi quel che voglio dire?8 fare: to take a walk [a bath], fare una passeggiata [un bagno]; to take a nap, fare un sonnellino; to take a picture (o a photograph) fare una fotografia; to take an exam, fare (o dare, sostenere) un esame; (stat.) to take a census, fare un censimento; The horse took the jump, il cavallo ha fatto il salto ( non ha rifiutato l'ostacolo)9 attirare; attrarre; trasportare (fig.); incantare; cattivarsi; affascinare: I was not much taken by ( o with) his behaviour, sono stato tutt'altro che attratto dal suo comportamento; This author takes his readers with him, quest'autore affascina (o trasporta) i lettori10 (spesso impers.) impiegare; metterci; volerci; richiedere; occorrere: I took three days to finish my work, impiegai tre giorni per finire il mio lavoro; DIALOGO → - Building work- The builders said the job would take six to eight weeks, max, i muratori dicono che per i lavori ci vorranno da sei a otto settimane al massimo; How long did it take you to go there?, quanto tempo ci hai messo per andare là?; These things take time, ci vuol tempo per queste cose; It takes a lot of patience, ci vuole molta pazienza15 (gramm.) reggere; prendere: Transitive verbs take a direct object, i verbi transitivi reggono il complemento oggetto17 misurare; rilevare; prendere: to take sb. 's temperature, misurare la temperatura (fam.: la febbre) a q.19 ( di un recipiente, un locale, un veicolo) contenere; portare: This bottle only takes half a litre, questa bottiglia contiene solo mezzo litro; The hall can take 200 people, la sala può contenere 200 persone; The coach takes (up) 50 passengers, il pullman porta 50 passeggeri20 tirare, sferrare; dare: to take a shot at a bird, tirare un colpo (o sparare) a un uccello; to take a punch at sb., tirare (o sferrare) un pugno a q.21 portare ( una misura d'indumento): What size do you take, madam?, che misura (o numero) porta, signora?22 ( sport) vincere: ( boxe) to take nearly every round, vincere quasi tutte le riprese; ( tennis) to take the set, vincere il set24 (fam.) darle (o suonarle) a (q.); battere (q.) ( a pugni, o in una gara): The champion took the challenger in the first round, il detentore del titolo batté lo sfidante nel primo round26 ( calcio, ecc.) fare, effettuare, eseguire ( un tiro, una rimessa, ecc.); dare ( un calcio); battere; segnare ( un gol, un canestro): to take a penalty, tirare (o battere) un rigore; ( cricket) to take a run, effettuare una corsa ( verso il wicket); to take a free kick, battere (o tirare) una punizione27 (fam.) imbrogliare; truffare; fregare (fam.): The salesman tried to take me, il commesso ha cercato di fregarmi28 (fam.; al passivo) defraudare; derubare: The old lady was taken for all her money, la vecchia signora è stata derubata di tutti i soldiB v. i.1 ( anche mecc.) prendere; far presa; attaccare: This gear won't take, quest'ingranaggio non prende (o non fa presa); The fire took rapidly, il fuoco prese subito; This paint takes well, questa vernice attacca bene● to take advantage of, approfittare di; sfruttare □ (mil.) to take aim, prendere la mira; mirare; puntare □ to take all the fun out of st., guastare la festa; rovinare tutto □ to take sb. 's arm, prendere il braccio di q.; prender q. per il braccio □ to take st. as read, dare qc. per letto □ (fig.) to take a back seat, occupare un posto di scarsa importanza; accontentarsi di un ruolo secondario □ (leg.) to take bankruptcy, accettare di essere messo in fallimento □ (autom., ecc.) to take a bend, prendere una curva: to take a bend as tightly as possible, stringere una curva al massimo □ to take bets, accettare scommesse □ (fig.) to take the bit between one's teeth, stringere i denti (fig.) □ to take breath, prendere (o ripigliare) fiato □ to take by surprise, cogliere di sorpresa; prendere (o conquistare) di sorpresa □ to take care, stare attento; fare attenzione; badare; guardarsi: Take care what you say, fa' attenzione a quel che dici!; Take care not to break it, bada di non romperlo! □ to take care of, badare a; prendersi cura di, aver cura di; (fam. eufem.) sistemare, eliminare, uccidere: Who will take care of the baby?, chi si prenderà cura del bambino?; Take care of yourself! abbi cura di te!; riguardati! □ (fig.) to take the chair, assumere la presidenza; presiedere una seduta □ to take a chair, prendere posto; accomodarsi; sedersi □ to take a chance, correre un rischio; tentare la sorte □ to take one's chances, correre il rischio; arrischiare, azzardare; tentare la sorte; stare al gioco (fig.) □ to take no chances, non volere correre rischi; andare sul sicuro □ to take charge of st., prendere in consegna qc.; occuparsi di qc.; assumere il comando (la direzione) di qc.: The new commander took charge of the garrison, il nuovo comandante assunse (o prese) il comando della guarnigione □ to take command, prendere il comando □ (relig.) to take communion, fare la comunione □ to take courage, farsi coraggio; farsi animo □ to take a deep breath, tirare un lungo respiro □ to take a different view, essere di tutt'altro avviso; essere di parere contrario □ to take effect, ( di una medicina, ecc.) avere (o fare) effetto; ( di una legge e sim.) entrare in vigore; essere attuato; andare in porto (fig.): The new law takes effect as of July 1st, la nuova legge entra in vigore dal primo di luglio □ to take a fever, contrarre una febbre ( malarica, ecc.) □ to take fright, prendersi paura; spaventarsi □ to take hold of sb., impadronirsi di q.: A great tenderness took hold of him, una grande tenerezza si è impadronita di lui □ to take hold of st., afferrare qc.: He took hold of the bar, ha afferrato la sbarra □ to take a holiday, andare in vacanza □ to take st. in hand, prendere in mano qc. (fig.); intraprendere qc. □ to take an interest in st., interessarsi a qc. □ to take into account, tener presente; tener conto di; prendere in considerazione: We must take his youth into account, dobbiamo tener conto della sua giovinezza □ to take sb. into one's confidence, concedere a q. la propria fiducia; mettere q. a parte dei propri segreti □ (fam.) to take it, tener duro; non batter ciglio □ to take it easy, prendersela comoda, non strapazzarsi; ( anche) non prendersela, restare calmo □ to take it into one's head (o mind), mettersi in testa, figgersi in capo ( un'idea, ecc.) □ to take a joke in earnest, prender sul serio uno scherzo □ to take a leap (o a jump), fare un salto □ to take leave of sb., prendere congedo (o commiato) da q.; accomiatarsi da q. □ to take leave of one's senses, impazzire □ (leg.) to take legal action, adire le vie legali □ to take legal advice, consultare un avvocato; rivolgersi a un legale per un parere □ to take a letter, ( anche) battere una lettera sotto dettatura □ to take sb. 's life, togliere la vita a q.; uccidere q. □ (fam.) to take one's life in one's hands, rischiare la vita □ to take a look at st., dare un'occhiata a qc. □ to take a look round, dare un'occhiata in giro; guardarsi attorno (o intorno) □ (fam.) to take the mickey out of sb., prendere in giro q.; sfottere q. (fam.) □ to take minutes, mettere a verbale; verbalizzare □ to take the nonsense out of sb., togliere i grilli dalla testa a q. □ to take notes, prendere appunti □ to take notice of st., fare attenzione a qc.; occuparsi (o interessarsi) di qc.; rendersi conto di qc. □ to take an oath, fare (o prestare) un giuramento □ to take offence, offendersi □ to take other people's ideas, appropriarsi delle idee altrui □ to take pains, darsi (o prendersi) pena (di fare qc.); sforzarsi; darsi da fare; fare il possibile: to take pains to do a job well, sforzarsi di fare bene un lavoro □ to take part in st., prendere parte, partecipare a qc. □ to take place, aver luogo; accadere; avvenire; verificarsi □ (polit.) to take power, salire al potere; andare al governo □ to take pride in st., andare orgoglioso di qc. □ (mil.) to take sb. prisoner, far prigioniero q. □ ( boxe) to take punishment, subire una punizione; incassare colpi durissimi □ (fam.) to take the rap, essere incolpato (spec. per colpe altrui); prendersi la colpa □ to take refuge, trovar rifugio; rifugiarsi; riparare □ to take a seat, prendere posto; mettersi a sedere; accomodarsi □ to take sides with sb., parteggiare per q.; schierarsi con q. □ to take stock, (comm.) fare l'inventario; (fig.) valutare la situazione (e sim.) □ to take things as they are, prendere il mondo come viene □ to take things coolly, conservare il sangue freddo; mantenere la calma; non agitarsi □ to take things easy, prender le cose alla leggera; tirare a campare; fare il proprio comodo; prendersela comoda □ to take things seriously, prender le cose sul serio □ to take one's time, prendersela comoda; andare adagio: He took his time over the job, se la prese comoda col lavoro □ to take its toll on sb. [st.], farsi sentire su q. [qc.] ( in senso negativo) □ to take the train, prendere il treno; servirsi del treno ( e non dell'autobus, ecc.): DIALOGO → - Asking about routine 2- I usually take the bus, but sometimes I go by train, di solito prendo l'autobus, ma a volte vado in treno □ to take the trouble to do st., prendersi il disturbo di fare qc.; darsi la pena di fare qc. □ to take turns, fare a turno, alternarsi: (autom.) to take turns at the wheel, alternarsi al volante □ to take a vow, fare un voto □ to take a wife, prender moglie □ to take wing, levarsi a volo □ to be taken ill, ammalarsi; sentirsi male □ (fam.) to be taken short, avere un bisognino ( un bisogno impellente) □ It took a lot of doing, ci volle del bello e del buono □ Take your seats!, seduti!, a posto!; ( anche, ferr.) in carrozza! □ How old do you take me to be?, quanti anni mi dai? □ (fam.) I can take him or leave him, non mi è né simpatico né antipatico; mi lascia indifferente □ Take it or leave it!, prendere o lasciare! □ (fam.) I am not taking any, grazie, no!; ( anche) non ci sto!NOTA D'USO: - to take o to get?-* * *I [teɪk]1) cinem. ripresa f.2) (catch) (of fish) pesca f.; (of game) carniere m.••II 1. [teɪk]to be on the take — colloq. prendere bustarelle
1) (take hold of) prendere [object, money]to take sb. by the hand — prendere qcn. per (la) mano
to take sth. out of — tirare fuori qcs. da [ box]
to take a knife to sb. — vibrare coltellate contro qcn
I'll take some apples, please — vorrei delle mele, per favore
3) (carry along) portare [ object]to take sb. sth. to take sth. to sb. portare qcs. a qcn.; to take the car to the garage portare la macchina dal meccanico; did he take an umbrella (with him)? — ha preso l'ombrello?
4) (accompany, lead)to take sb. to school — accompagnare qcn. a scuola
you can't take him anywhere! — scherz. non si può andare in giro con uno così!
7) (accept) [ machine] prendere [ coin]; [ shop] accettare [ credit card]; [ person] accettare, prendere [ bribe]; prendere [patients, pupils]; accettare [ job]; prendere [ phone call]; sopportare [pain, criticism]; accettare [ punishment]he can't take a joke — non accetta le battute, non sta allo scherzo
8) (require) [activity, course of action] richiedere [skill, courage]9) ling. reggere [object, case]10) (react to)to take sth. well, badly, seriously — prendere qcs. bene, male, sul serio
11) (adopt) adottare [measures, steps]12) (assume)to take sb. for o to be sth. prendere qcn. per; what do you take me for? per chi mi prendi? what do you take this poem to mean? — che significato dai a questa poesia?
13) (consider) fare [ example]; prendere (in esempio) [person, case]take John (for example),... — prendi John (per esempio)
14) (record) prendere [ notes]; prendere nota di [ statement]; misurare [temperature, blood pressure]; prendere, sentire [ pulse]to take sb.'s measurements — (for clothes) prendere le misure a qcn
15) (hold) [hall, bus, tank, container] (potere) contenere16) (wear) (in clothes) portare, avere [ size]to take a size 4 — (in shoes) portare il 37
17) fot. prendere, fare [ photograph]19) scol. univ. (study) studiare, prendere [ subject]; seguire [ course]; prendere [ lessons] (in di); (sit) dare [ exam]; fare [ test]; (teach) [ teacher] fare lezione a [ students]to take sb. for French — fare lezione di francese a qcn
20) (officiate at) [ priest] celebrare [ service]21) (capture) [ army] prendere, espugnare [fortress, city]; (in chess) [ player] mangiare [ piece]; (in cards) [ person] prendere, vincere [ prize]2.verbo intransitivo (pass. took; p.pass. taken) (have desired effect) [ drug] fare effetto; [ dye] prendere; (grow successfully) [ plant] attecchire- take in- take off- take on- take out- take to- take up••to take it o a lot out of sb. chiedere tanto a qcn.; to take it upon oneself to do farsi carico di fare; to take sb. out of himself fare distrarre o divertire qcn.; you can take it from me,... — credimi
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7 do
du:
1. 3rd person singular present tense - does; verb1) (used with a more important verb in questions and negative statements: Do you smoke?) 02) (used with a more important verb for emphasis; ; ðo sit down) 03) (used to avoid repeating a verb which comes immediately before: I thought she wouldn't come, but she did.) 04) (used with a more important verb after seldom, rarely and little: Little did he know what was in store for him.) 05) (to carry out or perform: What shall I do?; That was a terrible thing to do.) hacer6) (to manage to finish or complete: When you've done that, you can start on this; We did a hundred kilometres in an hour.) hacer7) (to perform an activity concerning something: to do the washing; to do the garden / the windows.) hacer8) (to be enough or suitable for a purpose: Will this piece of fish do two of us?; That'll do nicely; Do you want me to look for a blue one or will a pink one do?; Will next Saturday do for our next meeting?) servir, ir bien, ser suficiente9) (to work at or study: She's doing sums; He's at university doing science.) hacer, dedicarse, estudiar10) (to manage or prosper: How's your wife doing?; My son is doing well at school.) ir11) (to put in order or arrange: She's doing her hair.) arreglar12) (to act or behave: Why don't you do as we do?) hacer, comportarse, actuar13) (to give or show: The whole town gathered to do him honour.) hacer14) (to cause: What damage did the storm do?; It won't do him any harm.) causar, hacer15) (to see everything and visit everything in: They tried to do London in four days.) visitar
2. noun(an affair or a festivity, especially a party: The school is having a do for Christmas.) fiesta, evento- doer- doings
- done
- do-it-yourself
- to-do
- I
- he could be doing with / could do with
- do away with
- do for
- done for
- done in
- do out
- do out of
- do's and don'ts
- do without
- to do with
- what are you doing with
do vb hacerwhat are you doing? ¿qué haces?do as you are told! ¡haz lo que se te dice!how do you do? ¿cómo está usted?Con este saludo, la respuesta típica es también how do you do?to do you good sentarte bien / irte biento do well ir bien / tener éxitowhat do you do? ¿a qué te dedicas? / ¿cuál es tu trabajo?do también se emplea para formular las preguntas en presentedo you like dancing? ¿te gusta bailar?do elephants live in Asia? ¿viven los elefantes en Asia?
Multiple Entries: D.O. do do.
do sustantivo masculino ( nota) C; ( en solfeo) do, doh (BrE);
do sustantivo masculino Mús (de solfeo) doh, do (de escala diatónica) C
do bemol, C-flat
do de pecho, high C
do sostenido, C-sharp Locuciones: dar el do de pecho, to do one's very best 'do' also found in these entries: Spanish: abrochar - acomodada - acomodado - acompañar - anda - animarse - apetecer - apostarse - aprender - arte - así - atañer - atonía - atreverse - bajeza - bastar - bastante - bastarse - bien - bola - bordar - brazo - bricolaje - broma - caballo - cacharro - cada - calaña - campar - capaz - cara - cargar - cascabel - casual - cepillarse - cerrar - colada - coletilla - comer - comandita - comecome - como - componer - componenda - compromiso - común - con - contentarse - contrapelo - corpachón English: about-face - about-turn - actually - advance - again - agree - aim to - all - all-out - allow - any - approachable - approve of - as - ask - aspect - associate - attempt - attribute - authorize - bankrupt - begin - best - born - bunk - burden - business - busywork - by - C - call - can - carry-on - cast - cease - cheap - chief - choose - cleaning - clear - come through - command - commit - compel - compelling - complaint - compute - conception - condescend - conditiondotr[dʊː]■ do you smoke? ¿fumas?■ do you know Susan? ¿conoces a Susan?■ what do they want? ¿qué quieren?■ where does Neil live? ¿dónde vive Neil?■ what film did you see? ¿qué película viste?■ when did they leave? ¿cuándo se fueron?■ do come with us! ¡ánimo, vente con nosotros!■ I did post it, I swear! ¡sí que lo mandé, te lo juro!■ do you like basketball? - yes, I do ¿te gusta el baloncesto? - sí, me gusta■ did you see the film? - no, I didn't ¿viste la película? - no, no la vi■ who wears glasses? - Brian does ¿quién lleva gafas? - Brian■ who broke the vase? - I did ¿quién rompió el florero? - yo■ you don't smoke, do you? no fumas, ¿verdad?■ you like fish, don't you? a ti te gusta el pescado, ¿verdad?■ she lives in Madrid, doesn't she? vive en Madrid, ¿verdad?■ you went to their wedding, didn't you? tú fuiste a su boda, ¿verdad?■ they didn't believe you, did they? no te creyeron, ¿verdad?1 (gen) hacer■ what are you doing here? ¿qué haces aquí?■ what are you doing this weekend? ¿qué vas a hacer este fin de semana?■ whatever you do, don't drink alcohol hagas lo que hagas, no bebas alcohol■ what can I do about it? ¿qué quieres que haga yo?2 (as job) hacer, dedicarse■ what do you do (for a living)? ¿a qué te dedicas?■ what does he want to do when he leaves university? ¿a qué quiere dedicarse cuando deje la universidad?3 (carry out - job, task) hacer, realizar, llevar a cabo; (- duty) cumplir con■ I've got to do the cooking/cleaning tengo que cocinar/limpiar■ have you done your homework? ¿has hecho los deberes?4 (study) estudiar■ do you do biology at school? ¿estudias biología en el instituto?5 (solve - puzzle) solucionar; (- crossword, sum) hacer6 (produce, make - meal) preparar, hacer; (drawing, painting, translation, etc) hacer; (offer - service) servir, tener, hacer; (- discount) hacer■ does this pub do food? ¿sirven comidas en este pub?7 (attend to) atender, servir■ what can I do for you? ¿en qué le puedo servir?8 (put on, produce - play, opera, etc) presentar, dar, poner en escena; (play the part of) hacer el papel de9 (finish, complete) terminar■ have you done moaning? ¿has terminado de protestar?10 (achieve) lograr, conseguir■ he's done it! ¡lo ha conseguido!11 (travel over - distance) recorrer, hacer; (complete - journey) hacer, ir; (travel at - speed) ir a■ we did London to Nottingham in two and a half hours fuimos de Londres a Nottingham en dos horas y media12 (be sufficient for) ser suficiente; (be satisfactory for, acceptable to) ir bien a■ will 6 glasses do you? ¿será suficiente con seis vasos?■ yes, that will do me nicely sí, eso me irá perfectamente13 familiar (cheat, swindle) estafar, timar; (rob) robar; (arrest, convict) coger; (fine) encajar una multa; (serve time in prison) cumplir■ you've been done! ¡te han timado!1 (act, behave) hacer2 (progress) ir■ how are you doing? ¿qué tal vas?, ¿cómo te van las cosas?■ how are we doing for time? ¿cómo andamos de tiempo?3 (complete, finish) terminar■ have you done with the hairdryer? ¿has terminado con el secador?4 (be sufficient) bastar, ser suficiente, alcanzar■ will one slice do for you? ¿tendrás suficiente con una rebanada?■ that'll do! ¡basta!5 (be satisfactory, suitable) servir, estar bien■ well, I suppose it'll have to do bueno, supongo que tendrá que servir■ it (just/simply) won't do no puede ser■ this cushion will do as/for a pillow este cojín servirá de almohada\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLthat does it! ¡esto ya es la gota que colma el vaso!, ¡ya está bien!to be/have to do with somebody/something tener que ver con alguien/algoto do business with somebody negociar con alguiento do drugs drogarse, consumir drogasto do one's best hacer lo mejor posibleto do one's hair peinarseto do one's military service hacer el servicio militarto do one's nails arreglarse las uñasto do something again volver a hacer algoto do something for somebody (help) hacer algo por alguien 2 (flatter, suit) favorecer a alguien, quedarle bien a alguien 3 (please) atraer a alguien, decirle algo a alguienwhat's done is done a lo hecho, pechoyou've done it now ahora sí que la has hecho buena1) carry out, perform: hacer, realizar, llevar a caboshe did her best: hizo todo lo posible2) prepare: preparar, hacerdo your homework: haz tu tarea3) arrange: arreglar, peinar (el pelo)4)to do in ruin: estropear, arruinar5)to do in kill: matar, liquidar famdo vi1) : haceryou did well: hiciste bien2) fare: estar, ir, andarhow are you doing?: ¿cómo estás?, ¿cómo te va?3) finish: terminarnow I'm done: ya terminé4) serve: servir, ser suficiente, alcanzarthis will do for now: esto servirá por el momento5)to do away with abolish: abolir, suprimir6)to do away with kill: eliminar, matar7)to do by treat: tratarhe does well by her: él la trata biendo v auxdo you know her?: ¿la conoces?I don't like that: a mí no me gusta esoI do hope you'll come: espero que vengasdo you speak English? yes, I do: ¿habla inglés? síexpr.• cargarse v.• eliminar v.• liquidar v.expr.• buscarle tres pies al gato expr.• encontrarle defectos a todo expr.v.(§ p.,p.p.: did, done) = arreglar v.• desempeñar v.• ejecutar v.• hacer v.(§pres: hago, haces...) pret: hic-pp: hechofut/c: har-•)• obrar v.• resolver v.
I
1. duː, weak form dʊ, də1) hacer*are you doing anything this evening? — ¿vas a hacer algo esta noche?
to have something/nothing to do — tener* algo/no tener* nada que hacer
can I do anything to help? — ¿puedo ayudar en algo?
what have you done to your hair? — ¿qué te has hecho en el pelo?
I don't know what I'm going to do with you! — no sé qué voy a hacer contigo!; see also do with
2) ( carry out) \<\<job/task\>\> hacer*to do one's homework — hacer* los deberes
3) ( as job)what do you do? — ¿usted qué hace or a qué se dedica?
what does he do for a living? — ¿en qué trabaja?
4) (achieve, bring about)she's done it: it's a new world record — lo ha logrado: es una nueva marca mundial
he's late again: that does it! — vuelve a llegar tarde esto ya es la gota que colma el vaso!
to do something for somebody/something: that mustache really does something for him la verdad es que le queda muy bien el bigote; what has EC membership done for Greece? — ¿en qué ha beneficiado a Grecia ser miembro de la CE?
5)a) (fix, arrange, repair)b) ( clean) \<\<dishes\>\> lavar; \<\<brass/windows\>\> limpiar6) (make, produce)a) \<\<meal\>\> preparar, hacer*would you do the carrots? — ¿me preparas (or pelas etc) las zanahorias?
b) \<\<drawinganslation\>\> hacer*7) (BrE) ( offer)they do a set meal for £12 — tienen un menú de 12 libras
8) (suffice for, suit)two shirts will do me — con dos camisas me alcanza or tengo suficiente
9) ( travel)the car has only done 4,000 miles — el coche sólo tiene 4.000 millas
10)a) ( study) estudiarb) ( visit) (colloq) \<\<sights/museum\>\> visitar11) ( Theat)a) ( play role of) hacer* el papel deb) ( take part in) \<\<play\>\> actuar* enc) ( impersonate) imitar12) (colloq) ( serve in prison) cumplir13) (BrE colloq)a) (catch, prosecute) agarrarb) ( cheat) estafar, timarI've been done! — me han estafado or timado!
14) ( use) (sl)to do drugs — drogarse*, consumir drogas
15) (colloq) ( finish) terminarare o (esp BrE) have you done complaining? — ¿has terminado de quejarte?
2.
vi1) (act, behave) hacer*2) (get along, manage)how are you doing? — ¿qué tal estás or andas or te va?
how do you do? — ( as greeting) mucho gusto, encantado
how do? — (colloq & dial) ¿qué tal?
how are we doing for time/cash? — ¿cómo or qué tal vamos or andamos de tiempo/dinero?
she did well/badly in her exams — le fue bien/mal en los exámenes
to do well/badly out of something — salir* bien/mal parado de algo
3) (go on, happen) (colloq) (in -ing form)nothing doing! — ni hablar!, ni lo sueñes!
4)a) (be suitable, acceptable)look, this won't do! — mira, esto no puede ser!
it's not ideal, but it'll do — no es lo ideal, pero sirve
I'm not going to cook, bread and cheese will do for them! — no pienso cocinar, se tendrán que conformar con pan y queso
b)to do for o as something: this box will do for o as a table — esta caja nos servirá de mesa
5) ( be enough) ser* suficiente, alcanzar*, bastarone bottle will do — con una botella basta or es suficiente
6) ( finish) (in past p) terminarI'm not o (BrE) I haven't done yet! — no he terminado todavía
7)
3.
1) Sense Iv aux [El verbo auxiliar do se usa para formar el negativo (I 1) y el interrogativo (I 2), para agregar énfasis (I 3) o para sustituir a un verbo usado anteriormente (II)]2)a) (used to form negative)I do not o don't know — no sé
I did not o didn't see her — no la vi
b) (with inversion after negative adv)3)a)Ex:does this belong to you? — ¿esto es tuyo?did I frighten you? — ¿te asusté?/Ex:b)Ex:boy, do you need a bath! — Dios mío! qué falta te hace un baño!/Ex:4)a)( emphasizing)Ex:you must admit, she did look ill — tienes que reconocer que tenía mala carado be quiet! — ¿te quieres callar?/Ex:b)Ex:I haven't decided, but if I do accept... — todavía no lo he decidido, pero si aceptara.../Ex:not only does it cost more, it also... — no sólo cuesta más, sino que también...
c) ( in legal formulae)5)Ex:do you live here? - yes, I do/no, I don't — ¿vives aquí? - sí/noshe wanted to come, but he didn't — ella quería venir, pero él noshe found it in your drawer - oh, did she? — lo encontró en tu cajón - ¿ah, sí?I don't need a haircut - yes, you do! — no necesito cortarme el pelo - cómo que no!she says she understands, but she doesn't — dice que comprende, pero no es así/Ex:6)Ex:you know Bob, don't you? — conoces a Bob, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?I told you, didn't I? — te lo dije ¿no? or ¿no es cierto?/Ex:I, Charles Brown, do solemnly swear that... — yo, Charles Brown, juro solemnemente que...
•Phrasal Verbs:- do down- do for- do in- do out- do over- do up- do with
II duː1) c (party, gathering) (colloq) fiesta f, reunión f2) ( state of affairs) (colloq) (no pl)fair dos — (BrE colloq)
fair dos all round — a partes iguales para todos; (as interj) seamos justos!
3)do's and don'ts — ( rules) normas fpl
III dəʊ
I [duː] ( 3rd pers sing present does) (pt did) (pp done)1. TRANSITIVE VERB1) hacerwhat are you doing tonight? — ¿qué haces esta noche?
what's this doing on my chair? — ¿qué hace esto en mi silla?
what's to be done? — ¿qué se puede hacer?
what's the weather doing? — ¿qué tal tiempo hace?
•
to do sth again — volver a hacer algo, hacer algo de nuevoit will have to be done again — habrá que volver a hacerlo, habrá que hacerlo de nuevo
•
what's he ever done for me? — ¿qué ha hecho él por mí?what can I do for you? — ¿en qué puedo servirle?, ¿qué se le ofrece? (LAm)
could you do something for me? — ¿me podrías hacer un favor?
what are we going to do for money? — ¿de dónde vamos a sacar dinero?
the new measures will do a lot for small businesses — las nuevas medidas serán de gran ayuda para las pequeñas empresas
after the accident she couldn't do much for herself — después del accidente casi no podía valerse por sí misma
•
if you do anything to him I'll kill you — si le haces algo te matowhat's he done to his hair? — ¿qué se ha hecho en el pelo?
•
what have you done with my slippers? — ¿dónde has puesto mis zapatillas?what am I going to do with you? — ¿qué voy a hacer contigo?
what are you doing with yourself these days? — ¿qué haces ahora?
what am I going to do with myself for the rest of the day? — ¿qué puedo hacer el resto del día?
living 2., 1)she didn't know what to do with herself once the children had left home — se encontró un poco perdida cuando sus hijos se fueron de casa
2) (=carry out) [+ work, essay] hacerSome [do] + noun combinations require a more specific Spanish verb:•
he did a drawing/ portrait of her — la dibujó/retrató, hizo un dibujo/retrato de ella•
to do one's duty (by sb) — cumplir con su deber (con algn)3) (=clean)4) (=arrange, prepare) [+ vegetables] preparar; [+ room] hacer, arreglarhair 1., 1)this room needs doing — hay que hacer or arreglar esta habitación
5) (=spend) pasar6) (=finish)now you've (gone and) done it! * — ¡ahora sí que la has hecho buena! *
that's done it! * we're stuck now — ¡la hemos fastidiado! * ahora no podemos salir de aquí
that does it! * that's the last time I lend him my car — ¡es el colmo! or ¡hasta aquí hemos llegado!, es la última vez que le dejo el coche
good 2., 2)have you done moaning? * — ¿has acabado de quejarte?
7) (=offer, make available)8) (=study) [+ university course, option] hacer, estudiarI want to do Physics at university — quiero hacer or estudiar física en la universidad
to do Italian — hacer or estudiar italiano
9) (Theat) [+ play] representar, poner; [+ part] hacer10) (=mimic) [+ person] imitar11) (Aut, Rail etc) (=travel at) [+ speed] ir a; (=cover) [+ distance] cubrir12) (=attend to)proud13) * (=visit) [+ city, museum] visitar, recorrer; [+ country] visitar, viajar por14) * (=be suitable, sufficient for)will a kilo do you? — ¿le va bien un kilo?
that'll do me nicely — (=be suitable) eso me vendrá muy bien; (=suffice) con eso me basta
15) * (=cheat) estafar, timar; (=rob) robarI've been done! — ¡me han estafado or timado!
16) * (=prosecute) procesar; (=fine) multar17) * (=beat up) dar una paliza aI'll do you if I get hold of you! — ¡te voy a dar una paliza como te pille!
2. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) (=act) hacer•
you would do better to accept — sería aconsejable que aceptaras•
do as you think best — haga lo que mejor le parezca•
do as you are told! — ¡haz lo que te digo!•
she was up and doing at 6 o'clock — a las 6 de la mañana ya estaba levantada y trajinando•
you would do well to take his advice — harías bien en seguir su consejowell I, 1., 1)•
you could do a lot worse than marry her — casarte con ella no es lo peor que podrías hacer2) (=get on)•
he did badly in the exam — le fue mal en el examen•
you can do better than that — (essay, drawing) puedes hacerlo mejor; iro (=find better excuse) ¡y qué más!•
how is your father doing? — ¿cómo está tu padre?, ¿cómo le va a tu padre?how are you doing? * — ¿qué tal?, ¿cómo te va?
how did you do in the audition? — ¿qué tal or cómo te fue en la audición?
how do you do? (greeting) ¿cómo está usted?, gusto en conocerlo (LAm); (as answer) ¡mucho gusto!, ¡encantado!•
he's doing well at school — le va bien en el colegio3) (=be suitable)•
it doesn't do to upset her — cuidado con ofenderla•
will this one do? — ¿te parece bien este?will it do if I come back at eight? — ¿va bien si vuelvo a las ocho?
will tomorrow do? — ¿iría bien mañana?
it's not exactly what I wanted, but it will or it'll do — no es exactamente lo que quería pero servirá
•
that won't do, you'll have to do it again — así no está bien, tendrás que volver a hacerlomake 1., 4)•
you can't go on your own, that would never do! — no podemos consentir que vayas sola, ¡eso no puede ser!4) (=be sufficient) bastar•
three bottles of wine should do — bastará con tres botellas de vino•
will £20 do? — ¿bastarán 20 libras?, ¿tendrás bastante con 20 libras?that will do! — ¡basta ya!
5) (=happen)"could you lend me £50?" - "nothing doing!" — -¿me podrías prestar 50 libras? -¡de ninguna manera! or -¡ni hablar!
have you done? — ¿ya has terminado or acabado?
don't take it away, I've not done yet — no te lo lleves, ¡aún no he terminado or acabado!
I haven't done telling you — ¡no he terminado de contarte!
•
I've done with travelling — ya no voy a viajar más, he renunciado a los viajesI've done with all that nonsense — ya no tengo nada que ver or ya he terminado con todas esas tonterías
have you done with that book? — ¿has terminado con este libro?
7) * (=clean) hacer la limpieza (en casa)3. AUXILIARY VERBThere is no equivalent in Spanish to the use of in questions, negative statements and negative commands.do you understand? — ¿comprendes?, ¿entiendes?
where does he live? — ¿dónde vive?
didn't you like it? — ¿no te gustó?
why didn't you come? — ¿por qué no viniste?
2) (negation)I don't understand — no entiendo or comprendo
don't worry! — ¡no te preocupes!
don't you tell me what to do! — ¡no me digas lo que tengo que hacer!
do tell me! — ¡dímelo, por favor!
do sit down — siéntese, por favor, tome asiento, por favor frm
I do wish I could come with you — ¡ojalá pudiera ir contigo!
but I do like it! — ¡sí que me gusta!, ¡por supuesto que me gusta!
so you do know him! — ¡así que sí lo conoces!
rarely does it happen that... — rara vez ocurre que...
a)"did you fix the car?" - "I did" — -¿arreglaste el coche? -sí
"I love it" - "so do I" — -me encanta -a mí también
"he borrowed the car" - "oh he did, did he?" — -pidió el coche prestado -¿ah sí? ¡no me digas!
I like this colour, don't you? — me gusta este color, ¿a ti no?
"do you speak English?" - "yes, I do/no I don't" — -¿habla usted inglés? -sí, hablo inglés/no, no hablo inglés
"may I come in?" - "(please) do!" — -¿se puede pasar? -¡pasa (por favor)!
"who made this mess?" - "I did" — -¿quién lo ha desordenado todo? -fui yo
"shall I ring her again?" - "no, don't!" — -¿la llamo otra vez? -¡no, no la llames!
he lives here, doesn't he? — vive aquí, ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto? or ¿no?
I don't know him, do I? — no lo conozco, ¿verdad?
it doesn't matter, does it? — no importa, ¿no?
she said that, did she? — ¿eso es lo que dijo?
4. NOUN1) (Brit) * (=party) fiesta f ; (=formal gathering) reunión fthey had a big do for their twenty-fifth anniversary — dieron una gran fiesta por su vigésimo quinto aniversario
2) (in phrases)•
the do's and don'ts of buying a house — lo que debe y lo que no debe hacerse al comprar una casa•
it's a poor do when... — es una vergüenza cuando...- do by- do down- do for- do in- do out- do over- do up- do with
II
[dǝʊ]N (Mus) do m* * *
I
1. [duː], weak form [dʊ, də]1) hacer*are you doing anything this evening? — ¿vas a hacer algo esta noche?
to have something/nothing to do — tener* algo/no tener* nada que hacer
can I do anything to help? — ¿puedo ayudar en algo?
what have you done to your hair? — ¿qué te has hecho en el pelo?
I don't know what I'm going to do with you! — no sé qué voy a hacer contigo!; see also do with
2) ( carry out) \<\<job/task\>\> hacer*to do one's homework — hacer* los deberes
3) ( as job)what do you do? — ¿usted qué hace or a qué se dedica?
what does he do for a living? — ¿en qué trabaja?
4) (achieve, bring about)she's done it: it's a new world record — lo ha logrado: es una nueva marca mundial
he's late again: that does it! — vuelve a llegar tarde esto ya es la gota que colma el vaso!
to do something for somebody/something: that mustache really does something for him la verdad es que le queda muy bien el bigote; what has EC membership done for Greece? — ¿en qué ha beneficiado a Grecia ser miembro de la CE?
5)a) (fix, arrange, repair)b) ( clean) \<\<dishes\>\> lavar; \<\<brass/windows\>\> limpiar6) (make, produce)a) \<\<meal\>\> preparar, hacer*would you do the carrots? — ¿me preparas (or pelas etc) las zanahorias?
b) \<\<drawing/translation\>\> hacer*7) (BrE) ( offer)they do a set meal for £12 — tienen un menú de 12 libras
8) (suffice for, suit)two shirts will do me — con dos camisas me alcanza or tengo suficiente
9) ( travel)the car has only done 4,000 miles — el coche sólo tiene 4.000 millas
10)a) ( study) estudiarb) ( visit) (colloq) \<\<sights/museum\>\> visitar11) ( Theat)a) ( play role of) hacer* el papel deb) ( take part in) \<\<play\>\> actuar* enc) ( impersonate) imitar12) (colloq) ( serve in prison) cumplir13) (BrE colloq)a) (catch, prosecute) agarrarb) ( cheat) estafar, timarI've been done! — me han estafado or timado!
14) ( use) (sl)to do drugs — drogarse*, consumir drogas
15) (colloq) ( finish) terminarare o (esp BrE) have you done complaining? — ¿has terminado de quejarte?
2.
vi1) (act, behave) hacer*2) (get along, manage)how are you doing? — ¿qué tal estás or andas or te va?
how do you do? — ( as greeting) mucho gusto, encantado
how do? — (colloq & dial) ¿qué tal?
how are we doing for time/cash? — ¿cómo or qué tal vamos or andamos de tiempo/dinero?
she did well/badly in her exams — le fue bien/mal en los exámenes
to do well/badly out of something — salir* bien/mal parado de algo
3) (go on, happen) (colloq) (in -ing form)nothing doing! — ni hablar!, ni lo sueñes!
4)a) (be suitable, acceptable)look, this won't do! — mira, esto no puede ser!
it's not ideal, but it'll do — no es lo ideal, pero sirve
I'm not going to cook, bread and cheese will do for them! — no pienso cocinar, se tendrán que conformar con pan y queso
b)to do for o as something: this box will do for o as a table — esta caja nos servirá de mesa
5) ( be enough) ser* suficiente, alcanzar*, bastarone bottle will do — con una botella basta or es suficiente
6) ( finish) (in past p) terminarI'm not o (BrE) I haven't done yet! — no he terminado todavía
7)
3.
1) Sense Iv aux [El verbo auxiliar do se usa para formar el negativo (I 1) y el interrogativo (I 2), para agregar énfasis (I 3) o para sustituir a un verbo usado anteriormente (II)]2)a) (used to form negative)I do not o don't know — no sé
I did not o didn't see her — no la vi
b) (with inversion after negative adv)3)a)Ex:does this belong to you? — ¿esto es tuyo?did I frighten you? — ¿te asusté?/Ex:b)Ex:boy, do you need a bath! — Dios mío! qué falta te hace un baño!/Ex:4)a)( emphasizing)Ex:you must admit, she did look ill — tienes que reconocer que tenía mala carado be quiet! — ¿te quieres callar?/Ex:b)Ex:I haven't decided, but if I do accept... — todavía no lo he decidido, pero si aceptara.../Ex:not only does it cost more, it also... — no sólo cuesta más, sino que también...
c) ( in legal formulae)5)Ex:do you live here? - yes, I do/no, I don't — ¿vives aquí? - sí/noshe wanted to come, but he didn't — ella quería venir, pero él noshe found it in your drawer - oh, did she? — lo encontró en tu cajón - ¿ah, sí?I don't need a haircut - yes, you do! — no necesito cortarme el pelo - cómo que no!she says she understands, but she doesn't — dice que comprende, pero no es así/Ex:6)Ex:you know Bob, don't you? — conoces a Bob, ¿no? or ¿verdad? or ¿no es cierto?I told you, didn't I? — te lo dije ¿no? or ¿no es cierto?/Ex:I, Charles Brown, do solemnly swear that... — yo, Charles Brown, juro solemnemente que...
•Phrasal Verbs:- do down- do for- do in- do out- do over- do up- do with
II [duː]1) c (party, gathering) (colloq) fiesta f, reunión f2) ( state of affairs) (colloq) (no pl)fair dos — (BrE colloq)
fair dos all round — a partes iguales para todos; (as interj) seamos justos!
3)do's and don'ts — ( rules) normas fpl
III [dəʊ] -
8 back
back [bæk]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. noun2. adjective3. adverb6. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. nouna. [of person, animal] dos m• to stand or sit with one's back to sb/sth tourner le dos à qn/qch• my boss is always on my back j'ai sans arrêt mon patron sur le dos► to get off sb's back (inf) laisser qn tranquille• that's what gets my back up c'est ce qui me hérisse► to put one's back into sth mettre toute son énergie dans qch• you can't just turn your back on your parents tu ne peux quand même pas tourner le dos à tes parents• he turned his back on the past il a tourné la page► on the back of ( = by means of) en profitant de• at the very back tout au fond► at the back of [+ building] derrière ; [+ book] à la fin de ; [+ cupboard, hall] au fond de• he's at the back of all this trouble c'est lui qui est derrière tous ces problèmes► in back (US) [of building, car] à l'arrière► in the back [of car] à l'arrière• to sit in the back of the car être assis à l'arrière► out or round the back (inf) (British) derrièred. (Football, hockey) arrière m2. adjectiveb. [taxes] arriéré3. adverb━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. (in space, time) (stand) back! reculez !• stay well back! n'approchez pas !━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When followed by a preposition, back is often not translated.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• meanwhile, back in London... pendant ce temps-là, à Londres...• he little suspected how worried they were back at home il était loin de se douter que sa famille s'inquiétait autant► to go back and forth, to go back and forward [person] faire des allées et venues ; [phone calls, emails, letters] être échangéb. ( = returned)► to be back [person] être rentré• everything's back to normal tout est rentré dans l'ordre► ... and backc. ( = reimbursed) I got/want my money back j'ai récupéré/je veux récupérer mon argenta. ( = support) soutenir ; [+ statement] confirmerb. ( = finance) financerc. ( = bet on) parier surd. [+ vehicle] reculer• to back the car in/out entrer/sortir en marche arrière( = move backwards) reculer6. compounds• to do sth by or through the back door faire qch par des moyens détournés ► back line noun (Sport) ligne f d'arrières• to take a back seat (to sth) (inf) passer au second plan (par rapport à qch) ► back-seat driver noun• he's a back-seat driver il est toujours à donner des conseils au conducteur ► back street noun ruelle f• he grew up in the back streets of Leeds il a grandi dans les quartiers pauvres de Leeds ► back-to-back adjective dos à dos• a row of back-to-back houses (British) une rangée de maisons adossées les unes aux autres adverb• they showed two episodes back-to-back ils ont passé deux épisodes à la suite ► back tooth noun (plural back teeth) molaire f• to back away from [+ problem] prendre ses distances par rapport à► back down intransitive verb revenir sur sa position( = draw back) reculer[house][person] sortir à reculons ; [car] sortir en marche arrière ; (of undertaking) revenir sur ses engagements[+ deal, agreement] se retirer de ; [+ undertaking] se soustraire à► back upa. ( = reverse) faire marche arrièrea. [+ theory, claim] confirmer ; [+ person] soutenirb. [+ vehicle] faire reculerc. [+ computer file] faire une copie de sauvegarde de* * *[bæk] 1.1) Anatomy, Zoology dos mto be (flat) on one's back — lit être (à plat) sur le dos; fig être au lit
to turn one's back on somebody/something — lit, fig tourner le dos à quelqu'un/quelque chose
to do something behind somebody's back — lit, fig faire quelque chose dans le dos de quelqu'un
2) ( reverse side) (of page, cheque, hand, fork, envelope) dos m; ( of fabric) envers m; (of medal, coin) revers m3) ( rear-facing part) (of vehicle, head) arrière m; ( of electrical appliance) face f arrière; (of shirt, coat) dos m; (of chair, sofa) dossier mon the back of the door/head — derrière la porte/tête
the shelves are oak but the back is plywood — les étagères sont en chêne mais le fond est en contreplaqué
4) ( area behind building)to be out back —
to be in the back — US être dans le jardin or la cour
there's a small garden out back ou round the back — il y a un petit jardin derrière (la maison)
5) (of car, plane) arrière m6) (of cupboard, drawer, fridge, bus, stage) fond mat ou in the back of the drawer — au fond du tiroir
7) Sport arrière m8) ( end) fin f2.1) ( at the rear) [leg, paw, edge, wheel] arrière; [bedroom] du fond; [page] dernier/-ière (before n); [garden, gate] de derrière2) ( isolated) [road] petit (before n)back alley ou lane — ruelle f
3) Finance, Commerce3.back interest/rent/tax — arriérés mpl d'intérêts/de loyer/d'impôts
1) ( after absence)the mini-skirt is back — ( in fashion) les mini-jupes sont de nouveau à la mode
2) ( in return)to call ou phone back — rappeler
3) ( backwards) [glance, jump, step, lean] en arrière4) ( away)ten pages back — dix pages (avant or plus tôt)
5) ( ago)a week/five minutes back — il y a une semaine/cinq minutes
6) ( a long time ago)7) ( once again)we walked there and took the train back — nous y sommes allés à pied et nous avons pris le train pour rentrer
9) ( in a different location)4.meanwhile, back in France, he... — pendant ce temps, en France, il...
back and forth adverbial phraseto swing back and forth — [pendulum] osciller
5.the film cuts ou moves back and forth between New York and Paris — le film se passe entre New York et Paris
transitive verb1) ( support) soutenir [party, person, bid, bill, strike, action]; appuyer [application]; apporter son soutien à [enterprise, project]2) ( finance) financer [project, undertaking]3) ( endorse) garantir [currency]to back a bill — Commerce, Finance endosser or avaliser une traite
4) ( substantiate) justifier [argument, claim] ( with à l'aide de)5) ( reverse)6) ( bet on) parier sur [horse, favourite, winner]7) (stiffen, line) consolider, renforcer [structure]; endosser [book]; renforcer [map]; maroufler [painting]; doubler [fabric]6.- backed combining form1) ( of furniture)a high-/low-backed chair — une chaise avec un dossier haut/bas
2) (lined, stiffened)canvas-/foam-backed — doublé de toile/de mousse
3) ( supported)4) ( financed)•Phrasal Verbs:- back off- back out- back up••he's always on my back — (colloq) il est toujours sur mon dos
to break the back of a journey/task — faire le plus gros du voyage/travail
-
9 up
1. adverb[right] up to something — (lit. or fig.) [ganz] bis zu etwas hinauf
the bird flew up to the roof — der Vogel flog aufs Dach [hinauf]
up into the air — in die Luft [hinauf]...
climb up on something/climb up to the top of something — auf etwas (Akk.) [hinauf]steigen/bis zur Spitze einer Sache hinaufsteigen
the way up [to something] — der Weg hinauf [zu etwas]
on the way up — (lit. or fig.) auf dem Weg nach oben
up here/there — hier herauf/dort hinauf
high/higher up — hoch/höher hinauf
halfway/a long/little way up — den halben Weg/ein weites/kurzes Stück hinauf
come on up! — komm [hier/weiter] herauf!
up you go! — rauf mit dir! (ugs.)
come up from London to Edinburgh — von London nach Edinburgh [he]raufkommen
3) (to place regarded as more important)go up to Leeds from the country — vom Land in die Stadt Leeds od. nach Leeds fahren
go up to town or London — nach London gehen/fahren
get up to London from Reading — von Reading nach London [he]reinfahren
5) (in higher place, upstairs, in north) obenup here/there — hier/da oben
an order from high up — (fig.) ein Befehl von ganz oben (ugs.)
higher up in the mountains — weiter oben in den Bergen
halfway/a long/little way up — auf halbem Weg nach oben/ein gutes/kurzes Stück weiter oben
live four floors or storeys up — im vierten Stockwerk wohnen
his flat is on the next floor up — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk höher
6) (erect) hochkeep your head up — halte den Kopf hoch; see also academic.ru/12509/chin">chin
7) (out of bed)8) (in place regarded as more important; Brit.): (in capital)up in town or London/Leeds — in London/Leeds
prices have gone/are up — die Preise sind gestiegen
butter is up [by...] — Butter ist [...] teurer
10) (including higher limit)up to midday/up to £2 — bis zum Mittag/bis zu 2 Pfund
we're £300 up on last year — wir liegen 300 Pfund über dem letzten Jahr
the takings were £500 up on the previous month — die Einnahmen lagen 500 Pfund über denen des Vormonats
12) (ahead)be three points/games/goals up — (Sport) mit drei Punkten/Spielen/Toren vorn liegen
13) (as far as)she is up to Chapter 3 — sie ist bis zum dritten Kapitel gekommen od. ist beim dritten Kapitel
up to here/there — bis hier[hin]/bis dorthin
I've had it up to here — (coll.) mir steht es bis hier [hin] (ugs.)
up to now/then/that time/last week — bis jetzt/damals/zu jener Zeit/zur letzten Woche
14)up to — (comparable with)
be up to expectation[s] — den Erwartungen entsprechen
his last opera is not up to his others — seine neueste Oper reicht an seine früheren nicht heran
15)[not] be/feel up to something — einer Sache (Dat.) [nicht] gewachsen sein/sich einer Sache (Dat.) [nicht] gewachsen fühlen
[not] be/feel up to doing something — [nicht] in der Lage sein/sich nicht in der Lage fühlen, etwas zu tun
16)up to — (derog.): (doing)
be up to something — etwas anstellen (ugs.)
what is he up to? — was hat er [bloß] vor?
17)it is [not] up to somebody to do something — (somebody's duty) es ist [nicht] jemandes Sache, etwas zu tun
it is up to us to help them — es ist unsere Pflicht, ihnen zu helfen
now it's up to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun
it's/that's up to you — (is for you to decide) es/das hängt von dir ab; (concerns only you) es/das ist deine Sache
18) (close)up against somebody/something — an jemandem/etwas [lehnen]; an jemanden/etwas [stellen]
sit up against the wall — mit dem Rücken zur od. an der Wand sitzen
19) (confronted by)be up against a problem/difficulty — etc. (coll.) vor einem Problem/einer Schwierigkeit usw. stehen
20)up and down — (upwards and downwards) hinauf und hinunter; (to and fro) auf und ab
be up and down — (coll.): (variable) Hochs und Tiefs haben
21) (facing upwards)‘this side/way up’ — (on box etc.) "[hier] oben"
turn something this/the other side/way up — diese/die andere Seite einer Sache nach oben drehen
2. prepositionthe right/wrong way up — richtig/verkehrt od. falsch herum
up something — etwas (Akk.) hinauf
4) (along)come up the street — die Straße herauf- od. entlangkommen
5) (at or in higher position in or on) [weiter] oben3. adjectivefurther up the ladder/coast — weiter oben auf der Leiter/an der Küste
1) (directed upwards) aufwärts führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach oben; nach oben gerichtet [Kolbenhub]up train/line — (Railw.) Zug/Gleis Richtung Stadt
be up in a subject/on the news — in einem Fach auf der Höhe [der Zeit] sein/über alle Neuigkeiten Bescheid wissen od. gut informiert sein
3) (coll.): (ready)tea['s]/grub['s] up! — Tee/Essen ist fertig!
4) (coll.): (amiss)what's up? — was ist los? (ugs.)
4. noun in pl.something is up — irgendwas ist los (ugs.)
5. intransitive verb,the ups and downs — (lit. or fig.) das Auf und Ab; (fig.) die Höhen und Tiefen
- pp- (coll.)up and leave/resign — einfach abhauen (ugs.) /kündigen
6. transitive verb,he ups and says... — da sagt er doch [ur]plötzlich...
* * *(to become covered (as if) with mist: The mirror misted over; The windscreen misted up.) beschlagen* * *up[ʌp]hands \up! Hände hoch!the water had come \up to the level of the windows das Wasser war bis auf Fensterhöhe gestiegenfour flights \up from here vier Etagen höhercome on \up! komm [hier] herauf!\up you go! rauf mit dir! fambottom \up mit der Unterseite nach obenhalfway \up auf halber Höhehigh \up hoch hinauffarther \up weiter hinauf\up and \up immer höher\up and away auf und davon2. (erect) aufrechtjust lean it \up against the wall lehnen Sie es einfach gegen die Wand3. (out of bed) aufis he \up yet? ist er schon auf?to be \up late lange aufbleiben\up and about auf den Beinenon Tuesday she'll be travelling \up to Newcastle from Birmingham am Dienstag fährt sie von Birmingham nach Newcastle hinaufshe comes \up from Washington about once a month sie kommt ungefähr einmal im Monat aus Washington herauf\up north oben im Norden5. (at higher place) obenfarther \up weiter oben\up here/there hier/da obena long/little way \up ein gutes/kurzes Stück weiter oben\up in the hills [dr]oben in den Bergen2 metres \up 2 Meter hochI live on the next floor \up ich wohne ein Stockwerk höherI'll be \up in London this weekend ich fahre an diesem Wochenende nach London\up from the country vom Landis he \up at Cambridge yet? hat er schon [mit seinem Studium] in Cambridge angefangen?8. (toward)▪ \up to sb/sth auf jdn/etw zua limousine drew \up to where we were standing eine Limousine kam auf uns zushe went \up to the counter sie ging zum Schalterto run \up to sb jdm entgegenlaufento walk \up to sb auf jdn zugehenas a composer he was \up there with the best als Komponist gehörte er zur Spitzeshe's something high \up in the company sie ist ein hohes Tier in der Firma10. (higher in price or number) höherlast year the company's turnover was £240 billion, \up 3% on the previous year letztes Jahr lag der Umsatz der Firma bei 240 Milliarden Pfund, das sind 3 % mehr als im Jahr davoritems on this rack are priced [from] £50 \up die Waren in diesem Regal kosten ab 50 Pfund aufwärtsthis film is suitable for children aged 13 and \up dieser Film ist für Kinder ab 13 Jahren geeignet11. (to point of)\up to yesterday bis gesternhe can overdraw \up to £300 er kann bis zu 300 Pfund überziehen12. (in opposition to)to be \up against sb/sth es mit jdm/etw zu tun haben, sich akk mit jdm/etw konfrontiert sehenthe company was \up against some problems die Firma stand vor einigen Problemento be \up against it in Schwierigkeiten seinto be \up against the law gegen das Gesetz stehen, mit dem Gesetz in Konflikt kommen13. (depend on)to be \up to sb von jdm abhängenI'll leave it \up to you ich überlasse dir die Entscheidungto be \up to sb to do sth jds Aufgabe sein, etw zu tun14. (contrive)to be \up to sth etw vorhaben [o im Schilde führen]he's \up to no good er führt nichts Gutes im Schilde15. (be adequate)do you feel \up to the challenge? fühlst du dich dieser Herausforderung gewachsen?to be \up to doing sth in der Lage sein, etw zu tunare you sure you're \up to it? bist du sicher, dass du das schaffst?to not be \up to much nicht viel taugenhis German isn't \up to much sein Deutsch ist nicht besonders gutto be \up to expectations den Erwartungen entsprechenher latest book is just not \up to her previous successes ihr neuestes Buch reicht an ihren früheren Erfolgen einfach nicht heranthe score was 3 \up at half-time bei Halbzeit stand es 3 [für] beide\up with sb/sth hoch lebe jd/etw\up with freedom! es lebe die Freiheit!19.▶ it's all \up with sb es ist aus mit jdm▶ to be \up with the clock gut in der Zeit liegen▶ to be \up to the ears [or eyeballs] [or neck] in problems bis zum Hals in Schwierigkeiten steckenII. prep\up the ladder/mountain/stairs die Leiter/den Berg/die Treppe hinauf2. (along)[just] \up the road ein Stück die Straße hinauf, weiter oben in der Straßeto walk \up the road die Straße hinaufgehen [o entlanggehen]\up and down auf und abhe was running \up and down the path er rannte den Pfad auf und abhe was strolling \up and down the corridor er schlenderte auf dem Gang auf und ab\up and down the country überall im Land3. (against flow)\up the river/stream fluss-/bachauf[wärts]a cruise \up the Rhine eine Fahrt den Rhein aufwärts [o rheinauf[wärts]4. (at top of)he's \up that ladder er steht dort oben auf der Leiter\up the stairs am Ende der TreppeI'll see you \up the pub later ich treffe dich [o wir sehen uns] später in der Kneipe6.▶ be \up the creek [or ( vulg sl)\up shit creek] [without a paddle] [schön] in der Klemme [o derb Scheiße] sitzen▶ \up hill and down dale bergauf und bergabhe led me \up hill and down dale till my feet were dropping off er führte mich quer durch die Gegend, bis mir fast die Füße abfielen fama man with nothing much \up top ein Mann mit nicht viel im Kopf [o fam Hirnkasten]the \up escalator der Aufzug nach obenwhat time does the next \up train leave? wann fährt der nächste Zug in die Stadt ab?\up platform Bahnsteig, von dem die Züge in die nächstgelegene Stadt abfahren\up quark Up-Quark ntManchester is two goals \up Manchester liegt mit zwei Toren in Führungthe council has got the road \up der Stadtrat hat die Straße aufgraben lassenthe wind is \up der Wind hat aufgedrehtthe river is \up der Fluss ist angeschwollenI'm really \up for spending a posh weekend in Paris ich freue mich total darauf, ein tolles Wochenende in Paris zu verbringen famdo you know when the server will be \up again? weißt du, wann der Server wieder in Betrieb ist?this computer is down more than it's \up dieser Computer ist öfter gestört, als dass er läuftto be \up and running funktionstüchtig [o in Ordnung] seinto get sth \up and running etw wieder zum Laufen bringenyour time is \up! Ihre Zeit ist um!the soldier's leave will be \up at midnight der Ausgang des Soldaten endet um Mitternachtsomething is \up irgendetwas ist im Gangewhat's \up? was ist los?how well \up are you in Spanish? wie fit bist du in Spanisch? famthe house is \up for sale das Haus steht zum Verkaufhe'll be \up before the magistrate er wird sich vor Gericht verantworten müssen▪ to be \up for sth:I think I'm \up for a walk ich glaube, ich habe Lust, spazieren zu gehen [o auf einen Spaziergang]I'm \up for going out to eat ich hätte Lust, essen zu gehenunfortunately, we won't always have \ups leider gibt es für uns nicht immer nur Höhen\ups and downs gute und schlechte Zeiten▶ to be on the \up and \up BRIT, AUS ( fam: be improving) im Aufwärtstrend begriffen sein; esp AM (be honest) sauber sein famher career has been on the \up and \up since she moved into sales seit sie im Vertrieb ist, geht es mit ihrer Karriere stetig aufwärtsis this deal on the \up and \up? ist das ein sauberes Geschäft?V. vi<- pp->( fam)▪ to \up and do sth etw plötzlich tunafter dinner they just \upped and went without saying goodbye nach dem Abendessen gingen sie einfach weg, ohne auf Wiedersehen zu sagenVI. vt<- pp->▪ to \up sth1. (increase) capacity etw erhöhento \up the ante [or stakes] den Einsatz erhöhento \up a price/tax rate einen Preis/Steuersatz anheben2. (raise) etw erhebenthey \upped their glasses and toasted the host sie erhoben das Glas und brachten einen Toast auf den Gastgeber ausVII. interj auf!, los, aufstehen!* * *[ʌp]1. ADVERBup there — dort oben, droben ( liter, S Ger
on your way up (to see us/them) — auf dem Weg (zu uns/ihnen) hinauf
he climbed all the way up (to us/them) — er ist den ganzen Weg (zu uns/ihnen) hochgeklettert
we were 6,000 m up when... — wir waren 6.000 m hoch, als...
to go a little further up —
up on top (of the cupboard) — ganz oben (auf dem Schrank)
up in the mountains/sky — oben or droben ( liter, S Ger ) in den Bergen/am Himmel
the sun/moon is up —
the tide is up — es ist Flut, die Flut ist da
to move up into the lead —
then up jumps Richard and says... — und dann springt Richard auf und sagt...
the needle was up at 95 —
come on, up, that's my chair! up! he shouted to his horse — komm, auf mit dir, das ist mein Stuhl! spring! schrie er seinem Pferd zu
2)= installed, built
to be up (building) — stehen; (tent also) aufgeschlagen sein; (scaffolding) aufgestellt sein; (notice) hängen, angeschlagen sein; (picture) hängen, aufgehängt sein; (shutters) zu sein; (shelves, wallpaper, curtains, pictures) hängenthe new houses went up very quickly — die neuen Häuser sind sehr schnell gebaut or hochgezogen (inf) worden __diams; to be up and running laufen; (committee etc) in Gang sein; (business etc) einwandfrei funktionieren
3) = not in bed aufup (with you)! — auf mit dir!, raus aus dem Bett (inf)
to be up and about — auf sein; (after illness also) auf den Beinen sein
4) = north obenup in Inverness — in Inverness oben, oben in Inverness
to be/live up north — im Norden sein/wohnen
to go up north —
we're up for the day —
5) = at university Brit am Studienortthe students are only up for half the year — die Studenten sind nur die Hälfte des Jahres am Studienort
6) in price, value gestiegen (on gegenüber)7)to be 3 goals up — mit 3 Toren führen or vorn liegen (on gegenüber)the score was 9 up (US) —
we were £100 up on the deal — wir haben bei dem Geschäft £ 100 gemacht
8)= upwards
from £10 up — von £ 10 (an) aufwärts, ab £ 10from the age of 13 up — ab (dem Alter von) 13 Jahren, von 13 Jahren aufwärts
9)= wrong inf
what's up? —what's up with him? — was ist mit dem los?, was ist los mit ihm?
10) = knowledgeable firm, beschlagen (in, on in +dat)he's well up on foreign affairs —
I'm not very up on French history — in französischer Geschichte bin ich nicht sehr beschlagen
11)= finished
time's up — die Zeit ist um, die Zeit ist zu Endeto eat/use sth up —
it's all up with him (inf) — es ist aus mit ihm (inf), es ist mit ihm zu Ende
12)__diams; up against it was up against the wall — es war an die Wand gelehntto be up against a difficulty/an opponent — einem Problem/Gegner gegenüberstehen, es mit einem Problem/Gegner zu tun haben
I fully realize what I'm up against — mir ist völlig klar, womit ich es hier zu tun habe
they were really up against it — sie hatten wirklich schwer zu schaffen __diams; up and down auf und ab
to walk up and down —
to bounce up and down — hochfedern, auf und ab hüpfen
he's been up and down all evening (from seat) — er hat den ganzen Abend keine Minute still gesessen; (on stairs) er ist den ganzen Abend die Treppe rauf- und runtergerannt
she's still a bit up and down (after illness etc) — es geht ihr immer noch mal besser, mal schlechter
to be up before the Court/before Judge Smith (case) — verhandelt werden/von Richter Smith verhandelt werden; (person) vor Gericht/Richter Smith stehen
to be up for election (candidate) — zur Wahl aufgestellt sein; (candidates) zur Wahl stehen
to be up for trial — vor Gericht stehen __diams; up to = as far as bis
up to now/here — bis jetzt/hier
up to £100 —
I'm up to here in work/debt (inf) — ich stecke bis hier in Arbeit/Schulden
he isn't up to running the company by himself — er hat nicht das Zeug dazu, die Firma allein zu leiten
we're going up Ben Nevis – are you sure you're up to it? — wir wollen Ben Nevis besteigen – glaubst du, dass du das schaffst? __diams; to be up to sb
if it were up to me —
the success of this project is up to you now — wie erfolgreich dieses Projekt wird, hängt jetzt nur noch von Ihnen (selbst) ab, es liegt jetzt ganz an Ihnen, ob dieses Projekt ein Erfolg wird
it's up to you whether you go or not — es liegt an or bei dir or es bleibt dir überlassen, ob du gehst oder nicht
I'd like to accept, but it isn't up to me — ich würde gerne annehmen, aber ich habe da nicht zu bestimmen or aber das hängt nicht von mir ab
shall I take it? – that's entirely up to you — soll ich es nehmen? – das müssen Sie selbst wissen
what colour shall I choose? – (it's) up to you — welche Farbe soll ich nehmen? – das ist deine Entscheidung
it's up to the government to put this right —
what have you been up to? — was hast du angestellt?
he's up to no good —
I'm sure he's up to something (child) hey you! what do you think you're up to! — ich bin sicher, er hat etwas vor or (sth suspicious) er führt irgendetwas im Schilde ich bin sicher, er stellt irgendetwas an he Sie, was machen Sie eigentlich da!
what does he think he's up to? — was soll das eigentlich?, was hat er eigentlich vor?
2. PREPOSITIONoben auf (+dat); (with movement) hinauf (+acc)they live further up the hill/street — sie wohnen weiter oben am Berg/weiter die Straße entlang
up one's sleeve (position) — im Ärmel; (motion) in den Ärmel
as I travel up and down the country —
I've been up and down the stairs all night — ich bin in der Nacht immer nur die Treppe rauf- und runtergerannt
3. NOUN__diams; ups and downs gute und schlechte Zeiten pl; (of life) Höhen und Tiefen plthey have their ups and downs — bei ihnen gibt es auch gute und schlechte Zeiten __diams; to be on the up and up ( inf
he/his career is on the up and up (inf) — mit ihm/seiner Karriere geht es aufwärts
4. ADJECTIVE(= going up) escalator nach oben; (RAIL) train, line zur nächsten größeren Stadt5. TRANSITIVE VERB(inf) price, offer hinaufsetzen; production ankurbeln; bet erhöhen (to auf +acc)6. INTRANSITIVE VERB(inf)* * *up [ʌp]A adv1. a) nach oben, hoch, herauf, hinauf, in die Höhe, empor, aufwärtsb) oben (auch fig):face up (mit dem) Gesicht nach oben;… and up und (noch) höher oder mehr, von … aufwärts;up and up höher und höher, immer höher;farther up weiter hinauf oder (nach) oben;three storeys up drei Stock hoch, (oben) im dritten Stock (-werk);a) auf und ab, hin und her oder zurück,b) fig überall;buttoned all the way up bis oben (hin) zugeknöpft;a) (heraus) aus,b) von … an, angefangen von …;up from the country vom Lande;from my youth up von Jugend auf, seit meiner Jugend;up till now bis jetzt2. weiter (nach oben), höher (auch fig):up north weiter im Norden3. flussaufwärts, den Fluss hinauf4. nach oder im Norden:up from Cuba von Kuba aus in nördlicher Richtung7. US umg in (dat):up north im Norden8. aufrecht, gerade:sit up gerade sitzenhe went straight up to the door er ging geradewegs auf die Tür zu oder zur Türwith a hundred up mit hundert (Punkten)11. Tischtennis etc: auf:two up zwei auf, beide zwei12. Baseball: am Schlag13. SCHIFF luvwärts, gegen den Wind14. up toa) hinauf nach oder zu,c) gemäß, entsprechend:up to six months bis zu sechs Monaten;up to town in die Stadt, Br besonders nach London;up to death bis zum Tode; → chin A, count1 C 1, date2 A 10, expectation 1, mark1 A 13, par A 3, scratch A 5, standard1 A 6b) gewachsen sein (dat),c) entsprechen (dat),d) jemandes Sache sein, abhängen von,e) fähig oder bereit sein zu,g) vertraut sein mit, sich auskennen in (dat):what are you up to? was hast du vor?, was machst du ( there da)?;he is up to no good er führt nichts Gutes im Schilde;it is up to him es liegt an ihm, es hängt von ihm ab, es ist seine Sache;it is not up to much es taugt nicht viel;16. (in Verbindung mit Verben [siehe jeweils diese] besonders als Intensivum)a) auf…, aus…, ver…b) zusammen…B int up! auf!, hoch!, herauf!, hinauf!:up (with you)! (steh) auf!;C präp1. auf … (akk) (hinauf):up the ladder die Leiter hinauf;up the street die Straße hinauf oder entlang;up yours! vulg leck(t) mich (doch)!2. in das Innere eines Landes etc (hinein):up (the) country landeinwärts3. gegen:up the tree (oben) auf dem Baum;further up the road weiter oben in der Straße;up the yard hinten im HofD adj1. Aufwärts…, nach oben gerichtet2. im Inneren (des Landes etc)3. nach der oder zur Stadt:up platform Bahnsteig m für Stadtzüge4. a) oben (befindlich), (nach oben) gestiegenb) hoch (auch fig):prices are up die Preise sind gestiegen;wheat is up WIRTSCH der Weizen steht hoch (im Kurs), der Weizenpreis ist gestiegen5. höher6. auf(gestanden), auf den Beinen (auch fig):be up auf sein ( → D 4, D 11);be up and about (again) (wieder) auf den Beinen sein;be up late lange aufbleiben;be up again wieder obenauf sein;be up against a hard job umg vor einer schwierigen Aufgabe stehen;7. (zum Sprechen) aufgestanden:the Home Secretary is up der Innenminister will sprechen oder spricht8. PARL Br geschlossen:Parliament is up das Parlament hat seine Sitzungen beendet oder hat sich vertagta) aufgegangen (Sonne, Samen)b) hochgeschlagen (Kragen)c) hochgekrempelt (Ärmel etc)d) aufgespannt (Schirm)e) aufgeschlagen (Zelt)f) hoch-, aufgezogen (Vorhang etc)g) aufgestiegen (Ballon etc)h) aufgeflogen (Vogel)i) angeschwollen (Fuß etc)10. schäumend (Getränk):the cider is up der Apfelwein schäumtup time Benutzerzeit f12. umg in Aufruhr, erregt:his temper is up er ist erregt oder aufgebracht;13. umg los, im Gange:what’s up? was ist los?;14. zu Ende, abgelaufen, vorbei, um:it’s all up es ist alles aus;16. up for bereit zu:be up for election auf der Wahlliste stehen;be up for examination sich einer Prüfung unterziehen;be up for murder JUR unter Mordanklage stehen;be up for sale zum Kauf stehen;be up for trial JURa) vor Gericht stehen,b) verhandelt werdenone up for you eins zu null für dich (a. fig)E v/i1. umg aufstehen, aufspringen:up and ask sb jemanden plötzlich fragen3. besonders US sl Aufputschmittel nehmenF v/t umg einen Preis, die Produktion etc erhöhenG s1. Aufwärtsbewegung f, An-, Aufstieg m:the ups and downs pl das Auf und Ab;the ups and downs of life die Höhen und Tiefen des Lebens;he has had many ups and downs in his life er hat schon viele Höhen und Tiefen erlebt;on the up and up umga) Br im Steigen (begriffen), im Kommen,b) US in Ordnung, anständig, ehrlich;our firm’s on the up and up Br umg mit unserer Firma geht es aufwärts, unsere Firma ist im Aufwind;he’s on the up and up umg er macht keine krummen Touren2. umg Preisanstieg m, Wertzuwachs m* * *1. adverb1) (to higher place) nach oben; (in lift) aufwärts[right] up to something — (lit. or fig.) [ganz] bis zu etwas hinauf
the bird flew up to the roof — der Vogel flog aufs Dach [hinauf]
up into the air — in die Luft [hinauf]...
climb up on something/climb up to the top of something — auf etwas (Akk.) [hinauf]steigen/bis zur Spitze einer Sache hinaufsteigen
the way up [to something] — der Weg hinauf [zu etwas]
on the way up — (lit. or fig.) auf dem Weg nach oben
up here/there — hier herauf/dort hinauf
high/higher up — hoch/höher hinauf
halfway/a long/little way up — den halben Weg/ein weites/kurzes Stück hinauf
come on up! — komm [hier/weiter] herauf!
up it etc. comes/goes — herauf kommt/hinauf geht es usw.
up you go! — rauf mit dir! (ugs.)
2) (to upstairs, northwards) rauf (bes. ugs.); herauf/hinauf (bes. schriftsprachlich); nach obencome up from London to Edinburgh — von London nach Edinburgh [he]raufkommen
go up to Leeds from the country — vom Land in die Stadt Leeds od. nach Leeds fahren
go up to town or London — nach London gehen/fahren
get up to London from Reading — von Reading nach London [he]reinfahren
5) (in higher place, upstairs, in north) obenup here/there — hier/da oben
an order from high up — (fig.) ein Befehl von ganz oben (ugs.)
halfway/a long/little way up — auf halbem Weg nach oben/ein gutes/kurzes Stück weiter oben
live four floors or storeys up — im vierten Stockwerk wohnen
up north — oben im Norden (ugs.)
6) (erect) hochkeep your head up — halte den Kopf hoch; see also chin
7) (out of bed)8) (in place regarded as more important; Brit.): (in capital)up in town or London/Leeds — in London/Leeds
9) (in price, value, amount)prices have gone/are up — die Preise sind gestiegen
butter is up [by...] — Butter ist [...] teurer
10) (including higher limit)up to — bis... hinauf
up to midday/up to £2 — bis zum Mittag/bis zu 2 Pfund
we're £300 up on last year — wir liegen 300 Pfund über dem letzten Jahr
the takings were £500 up on the previous month — die Einnahmen lagen 500 Pfund über denen des Vormonats
12) (ahead)be three points/games/goals up — (Sport) mit drei Punkten/Spielen/Toren vorn liegen
13) (as far as)she is up to Chapter 3 — sie ist bis zum dritten Kapitel gekommen od. ist beim dritten Kapitel
up to here/there — bis hier[hin]/bis dorthin
I've had it up to here — (coll.) mir steht es bis hier [hin] (ugs.)
up to now/then/that time/last week — bis jetzt/damals/zu jener Zeit/zur letzten Woche
14)up to — (comparable with)
be up to expectation[s] — den Erwartungen entsprechen
15)up to — (capable of)
[not] be/feel up to something — einer Sache (Dat.) [nicht] gewachsen sein/sich einer Sache (Dat.) [nicht] gewachsen fühlen
[not] be/feel up to doing something — [nicht] in der Lage sein/sich nicht in der Lage fühlen, etwas zu tun
16)up to — (derog.): (doing)
be up to something — etwas anstellen (ugs.)
what is he up to? — was hat er [bloß] vor?
17)it is [not] up to somebody to do something — (somebody's duty) es ist [nicht] jemandes Sache, etwas zu tun
it is up to us to help them — es ist unsere Pflicht, ihnen zu helfen
now it's up to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun
it's/that's up to you — (is for you to decide) es/das hängt von dir ab; (concerns only you) es/das ist deine Sache
18) (close)up against somebody/something — an jemandem/etwas [lehnen]; an jemanden/etwas [stellen]
sit up against the wall — mit dem Rücken zur od. an der Wand sitzen
19) (confronted by)be up against a problem/difficulty — etc. (coll.) vor einem Problem/einer Schwierigkeit usw. stehen
20)up and down — (upwards and downwards) hinauf und hinunter; (to and fro) auf und ab
be up and down — (coll.): (variable) Hochs und Tiefs haben
21) (facing upwards)‘this side/way up’ — (on box etc.) "[hier] oben"
turn something this/the other side/way up — diese/die andere Seite einer Sache nach oben drehen
the right/wrong way up — richtig/verkehrt od. falsch herum
22) (finished, at an end) abgelaufen2. preposition1) (upwards along, from bottom to top) rauf (bes. ugs.); herauf/hinauf (bes. schriftsprachlich)up something — etwas (Akk.) hinauf
4) (along)come up the street — die Straße herauf- od. entlangkommen
5) (at or in higher position in or on) [weiter] oben3. adjectivefurther up the ladder/coast — weiter oben auf der Leiter/an der Küste
1) (directed upwards) aufwärts führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach oben; nach oben gerichtet [Kolbenhub]up train/line — (Railw.) Zug/Gleis Richtung Stadt
be up in a subject/on the news — in einem Fach auf der Höhe [der Zeit] sein/über alle Neuigkeiten Bescheid wissen od. gut informiert sein
3) (coll.): (ready)tea['s]/grub['s] up! — Tee/Essen ist fertig!
4) (coll.): (amiss)what's up? — was ist los? (ugs.)
4. noun in pl.something is up — irgendwas ist los (ugs.)
5. intransitive verb,the ups and downs — (lit. or fig.) das Auf und Ab; (fig.) die Höhen und Tiefen
- pp- (coll.)up and leave/resign — einfach abhauen (ugs.) /kündigen
6. transitive verb,he ups and says... — da sagt er doch [ur]plötzlich...
* * *adv.auf adv.aufwärts adv.hinauf adv.hoch adj.oben adv. prep.auf präp. -
10 back
I [bæk] n1) спинаHe has pain in the back. — У него боли в спине.
It will make your back ache. — От этого у тебя будет болеть спина.
Why din't you get off my back ans let me do my work! — Отстано от меня, дай мне работать.
A true friend will not say unpleasant things about behind your back. — Настоящий друг не станет говорить про тебя гадости за глаза.
Stand back-to-back and we'll see which of you is taller. — Встаньте спиной к спине, и мы посмотрим, кто из нас выше.
He must learn to look after himself, he will not always have his father at his back. — Он должен научиться самостоятельности, не всегда же отец будет стоять у него за спиной.
He had the enemies at his back. — Враги гнались за ним по пятам.
- hunched back- straight back
- bend back
- hump on the back
- blow in the back
- pain in the back
- with one's back to the door
- on the back of an elephant
- back-to-back
- behind smb's back
- accuse smb behind his back
- be at the back of smb
- bend one's back
- bind smb's hands behind his back
- break one's back
- carry smth on one's back
- climb on smb's back
- cling to smb's back
- drive a knife into smb's back
- fall on one's back
- get off smb's back
- give a back for smb
- gossip behind his back
- have smb at one's back
- have smb on one's back
- hide behind smb's back
- hit smb on the back
- hurt one's back
- injureone's back
- keep off smb's back
- keep one's back straight
- lean one's back against the wall
- lie on the back
- pat smb on his back
- put smth on smb's back
- put smb on one's back
- put one's hands behind one's back
- rub one's back
- put into a job
- ride a child on one's back
- roll over on one's back
- rub smb's back with alcohol
- scratch one's back
- sit with one's back to smb, smth
- sit with one's back to the engine
- stab smb in the back
- stand back-to-back
- straighten one's back
- take smth off one's back
- turn one's back to smb, smth
- turn over on one's back
- turn one's back to one's guests
- turn one's back on smb
- wear one's hair down on one's back
- wipe one's back
- take a trunk on one's back
- put one's back up
- put smb's back up
- strain one's small of his back
- smb has a broken back a facture in the back
- one's back ackes2) поясница, крестецHe has pain in the small of his back. — У него боли в пояснице.
- small of the back- sharp pain in the small of his back3) оборотная сторона, тыльная сторона, задняя сторона, спинкаYou are at the back of all our difficulties. — Ты истинная причина всех наших трудностей. /Все трудности из-за тебя.
The back of the house looks out onto the river. — Задняя часть дома выходит на реку.
There is another good song on the back of this record. — На этой стороне пластинки еще одна хорошая песня. /На обороте пластинки еще одна хорошая песня.
What's at the back of it all? — Что за всем этим кроется/стоит?
The dress buttons at the back. — Платье застёгивается сзади;
. The coat is torn at the back. — Пальто разорвалось сзади.
- back door- back seat
- back driver
- back of the chair
- back of one's hand
- back of the spoon
- back of a knife
- back of the house
- back of an arch
- back of a carpet
- back of the leaf
- back of the record
- back of the book
- back of the village
- back of the coat
- back of the car
- back of the ship
- back of the head
- back of the tongue
- back of the foot
- back of the throat
- back of the door
- chair with a carved back
- row of back-to-back houses
- at the back of the bed
- with a high back
- at the back of the door
- with its back to the wall
- go round to the back of the house
- stand at the back
- sign at the back
- tie at the back
- be at the back of smth
- get to the back of the matter
- garage is at the back of the house
- back of the house looks out into the river4) дальний конец (чего-либо), отдалённая частьHe has lived here all his life and knows the city like the back of his hand. — Он прожил здесь всю жизнь и знает город вдоль и поперек.
His name is at the back of my tongue. — Его имя вертится у меня на языке.
If we start early, we can break the back of the journey before it gets hot. — Если мы выйдем очень рано, то мы сумеем пройти большую часть пути до жары.
Three people can sit in the back of the car. — На заднем сидении могут сидеть три человека. /Сзади могут сидеть три человека.
It's the last straw that breaks the camel's back. — ◊ Последняя капля переполняет чашу терпения.
Stretch my back and I'll scratch yours. — ◊ Рука руку моет. /Свой своего не выдает.
Excuse my back, please. — ◊ Простите, что я стою (сижу) к вам спиной.
To talk through the back of one's neck. — ◊ Молоть чепуху
- back of a wood- back of the wave
- room in the back of the house
- at the back of the classroom
- at the back of the house
- at the back of the book
- at the back of a drawer
- at the back of the theatre
- at the back of the aircraft
- have smth at the back of one's mind II [bæk] adjHe got in through the back door. — Он проник в дом через черный ход
- back elevation- back wages
- back number of a magazine
- in the back rows
- in the back seat
- in the back street
- take a back seat III [bæk] advна задворках, обратно, назадI'll go there and back. — Я пойду туда и сразу обратно.
One cannot put back the clock. — ◊ Колесо истории нельзя повернуть вспять. /Время не воротишь. /Что было, то сплыло.
- bring smth back- have smth back
- be back
- be just back from town -
11 off
off [ɒf]1 adverb∎ to take sth off enlever ou ôter qch;∎ you can leave your jacket off ce n'est pas la peine de remettre votre veste;∎ with his jacket off sans sa veste;∎ she kicked off her shoes elle ôta ses chaussures d'un coup de pied;∎ the knob had broken off la poignée était cassée;∎ peel off the wallpaper décollez le papier peint;∎ she cut off her hair elle s'est coupé les cheveux;∎ could you take two centimetres off? (off sleeves, hemline) est-ce que vous pourriez enlever deux centimètres?;∎ off with those wet clothes! retire(-moi) ou enlève(-moi) ces vêtements humides!;∎ off with his head! coupez-lui la tête!∎ the truck drove off le camion démarra;∎ to run off partir en courant;∎ when are you off to Dublin? quand partez-vous pour Dublin?;∎ we'd better be off on doit partir;∎ Sport they're off! ils sont partis!;∎ familiar I'm off! j'y vais!□ ;∎ off you go, you'll be late! sauve-toi ou vas-y, tu vas être en retard!;∎ off we go! c'est parti!;∎ off to bed with you! au lit!;∎ isn't it time you were off to bed? n'est-il pas l'heure que tu ailles te coucher?;∎ familiar be off with you! va-t'en!□ ;∎ (get) off! enlevez-vous de là!;∎ humorous oh no, he's off again! ça y est, ça le reprend!∎ the ball hit the wall and bounced off la balle a heurté le mur et a rebondi;∎ I knocked the glass off with my elbow j'ai fait tomber le verre d'un coup de coude∎ it's off to the right c'est sur la droite;∎ she's off playing tennis elle est partie jouer au tennis(e) (indicating disembarkment, dismounting etc)∎ to get off descendre;∎ to jump off sauter(f) (indicating absence, inactivity)∎ to take a week off prendre une semaine de congé;∎ Monday's my day off le lundi est mon jour de congé;∎ have you any time off during the week? avez-vous des heures libres pendant la semaine?;∎ I get two hours off for lunch j'ai deux heures de libres pour le déjeuner∎ Paris/Christmas is still a long way off Paris/Noël est encore loin;∎ it's a few miles off c'est à quelques kilomètres d'ici∎ voice off voix f off;∎ noises/voices off bruits mpl/voix fpl en coulisses∎ to put or switch or turn the light off éteindre la lumière;∎ to turn the tap off fermer le robinet;∎ leave the lights off n'allume pas(j) (indicating separation, partition)∎ the playing area is divided off by a low wall l'aire de jeu est délimitée par un petit mur;∎ to fence off land clôturer un terrain;∎ the police have cordoned off the area la police a bouclé le quartier∎ special offer: £5 off (sign) offre spéciale: 5 livres de réduction;∎ the salesman gave me $20/20 percent off le vendeur m'a fait une remise de 20 dollars/20 pour cent∎ to sleep/to walk sth off faire passer qch en dormant/marchant∎ he fell off his chair il est tombé de sa chaise;∎ she knocked the vase off the table elle a fait tomber le vase de la table;∎ take your elbows off the table enlève tes coudes de la table;∎ couples started drifting off the dance floor les couples commencèrent à quitter la piste de danse;∎ drinks must not be taken off the premises (sign) les boissons doivent être consommées sur place;∎ figurative it'll take your mind off it ça te changera les idées∎ take the top off the bottle enlève le bouchon de la bouteille;∎ to cut a slice off sth couper une tranche de qch;∎ I've stripped the wallpaper off the walls j'ai décollé le papier peint des murs;∎ get that knife off him! prends-lui son couteau!;∎ off the peg en confection, en prêt-à-porter∎ to buy sth off sb acheter qch à qn;∎ I bought it off a stall je l'ai acheté sur le marché;∎ can I borrow £5 off you? je peux t'emprunter 5 livres?;∎ I caught a cold off my brother mon frère m'a passé son rhume∎ a cool breeze off the sea une brise fraîche venant du large∎ a few miles off the coast à quelques kilomètres de la côte;∎ off the coast of Spain au large de la côte espagnole;∎ most students live off campus la plupart des étudiants vivent à l'extérieur du campus;∎ we ate in a small restaurant off the main road nous avons mangé dans un petit restaurant à l'écart de la grand-route;∎ the bathroom's off the bedroom la salle de bains donne dans la chambre;∎ an alley off Oxford Street une ruelle qui part d'Oxford Street;∎ just off Oxford Street there's a pretty little square à deux pas d'Oxford Street il y a une petite place ravissante∎ Mr Dale is off work today M. Dale est absent aujourd'hui;∎ you need a few days off work vous avez besoin de quelques jours de congé;∎ Wayne's off school with the flu Wayne est à la maison avec la grippe;∎ I've been off work for over a year now voilà un an que je ne travaille plus∎ it runs off gas/electricity/solar power ça marche au gaz/à l'électricité/à l'énergie solaire;∎ the radio works off the mains la radio fonctionne sur secteur∎ to live off vegetables vivre de légumes;∎ to live off the land vivre (des produits) de la terre;∎ we dined off a leg of lamb nous avons dîné d'une tranche de gigot∎ I can get $20/20 percent off the list price je peux avoir une remise de 20 dollars/20 pour cent sur le prix de vente;∎ familiar they'll knock or take something off it if you pay cash ils vous feront une remise si vous payez en liquide□ ;∎ that's 2 seconds off the record c'est 2 secondes de moins que le record∎ to be off one's food ne pas avoir faim□ ;∎ I'm off whisky je n'aime plus le whisky□ ;∎ I'm off him at the moment j'en ai marre de lui en ce moment;∎ she's off antibiotics now elle ne prend plus d'antibiotiques maintenant□ ;∎ he's off heroin now il ne touche plus à l'héroïne maintenant□(a) (not working → electricity, light, radio, TV) éteint; (→ tap) fermé; (→ engine, machine) arrêté, à l'arrêt; (→ handbrake) desserré;∎ the gas is off (at mains) le gaz est fermé; (under saucepan) le gaz est éteint; (for safety reasons) le gaz est coupé;∎ off (on switch, appliance) arrêt;∎ make sure the switches are in the off position vérifiez que les interrupteurs sont sur (la position) arrêt;∎ the off button le bouton d'arrêt(b) (bad, tainted) mauvais, avarié;∎ the milk is off le lait a tourné;∎ this beer's off cette bière est éventée;∎ it smells/tastes off on dirait que ce n'est plus bon(c) (cancelled) annulé;∎ tonight's match is off le match de ce soir est annulé;∎ if that's your attitude, the deal's off! si c'est comme ça que vous le prenez, ma proposition ne tient plus!(d) (on vacation, not working) en congé, en vacances;∎ to be off sick être absent parce qu'on est malade, être malade;∎ he's off today il n'est pas là aujourd'hui;∎ are you off tomorrow? tu travailles demain?; (no school) tu (n')as (pas d')école demain?; (no college) tu (n')as (pas) cours demain?;∎ I'm off from 3 to 5 je ne travaille pas entre 3 et 5 heures∎ I'm afraid the salmon's off je regrette, mais il n'y a plus de saumon∎ I felt decidedly off the next morning le lendemain matin, je ne me sentais vraiment pas bien;∎ everyone has their off days on a tous nos mauvais jours∎ his timing was a bit off (when he asked for a rise etc) il n'a pas choisi un très bon moment∎ that's a bit off! vous y allez un peu fort!;∎ I thought it was a bit off the way she just ignored me je n'ai pas apprécié qu'elle m'ignore comme ça□∎ how are we off for milk? combien de lait nous reste-t-il?4 noun∎ they're ready for the off ils sont prêts à partir□ ;∎ right from the off dès le départ∎ on the off chance au cas où, à tout hasard;∎ I called by just on the off chance je suis passé au cas où ou à tout hasard;∎ I phoned on the off chance of catching him at home j'ai appelé en espérant qu'il serait chez lui;∎ she kept it on the off chance (that) it might prove useful elle l'a gardé pour le cas où cela pourrait servirpar intervalles;∎ we lived together off and on for three years on a plus ou moins vécu ensemble pendant trois ans►► Cinema & Television off camera hors champ, off;British off sales = vente à emporter de boissons alcoolisées -
12 back
A n1 Anat, Zool dos m ; to be (flat) on one's back lit être (à plat) sur le dos ; fig être au lit ; to sleep on one's back dormir sur le dos ; he was lying on his back il était allongé sur le dos ; to travel on the back of a donkey voyager à dos d'âne ; to have one's back to sb/sth tourner le dos à qn/qch ; with her back to the door le dos tourné vers la porte ; to turn one's back on sb/sth lit, fig tourner le dos à qn/qch ; as soon as my back is turned dès que j'ai le dos tourné ; to do sth behind sb's back lit, fig faire qch dans le dos de qn ; with one's back to the engine dans le sens contraire à la marche ; to put one's back into it ○ travailler dur ; put your back into it ○ ! allons, un peu de nerf ○ ! ; he's always on my back ○ il est toujours sur mon dos ; get off my back ○ ! fiche-moi la paix ○ ! ; I was glad to see the back of him j'étais content de le voir partir ; to be at the back of être à l'origine de [conspiracy, proposal] ; to put sb's back up offenser qn ; to live off sb's back vivre aux crochets de qn ;2 ( reverse side) (of page, cheque, card, envelope) dos m, verso m ; ( of fabric) envers m ; (of medal, coin) revers m ; on the back of an envelope au dos d'une enveloppe ; to sign the back of a cheque endosser un chèque ; the back of the hand le dos de la main ;4 ( rear-facing part) ( of vehicle) arrière m ; ( of electrical appliance) face f arrière ; (of shirt, coat) dos m ; to hang one's coat on the back of the door pendre son manteau derrière la porte ; the shelves are oak but the back is plywood les étagères sont en chêne mais le fond est en contreplaqué ; a blow to the back of the head un coup sur l'arrière de la tête ; a lump on the back of the head une bosse derrière la tête ; the knife fell down the back of the fridge le couteau est tombé derrière le réfrigérateur ; the keys were down the back of the sofa les clés avaient glissé derrière les coussins du canapé ;5 ( area behind building) to be out back, to be in the back US ( in the garden) être dans le jardin ; ( in the yard) être dans la cour ; he's round ou in the back il est dans le jardin ; the view out back is lovely la vue que l'on a à l'arrière est très jolie ; there's a small garden out back ou round the back il y a un petit jardin derrière ; the bins are out back ou round the back les poubelles sont derrière la maison ; the steps at the back of the building l'escalier à l'arrière de l'immeuble ;6 Aut arrière m ; to sit in the back s'asseoir à l'arrière ; there are three children in the back il y a trois enfants à l'arrière ; to sit at the back of the plane/at the back of the bus s'asseoir à l'arrière de l'avion/au fond du bus ;7 ( furthest away area) (of cupboard, drawer, fridge) fond m ; ( of stage) fond m ; at ou in the back of the drawer au fond du tiroir ; right at the back of the cupboard tout au fond du placard ; at the back of the audience au fond de la salle ; those at the back couldn't see ceux qui étaient derrière ne pouvaient pas voir ; the back of the throat l'arrière-gorge f ; the back of the mouth la gorge f ;8 (of chair, sofa) dossier m ;11 ( book spine) dos m.B adj1 ( at the rear) [axle, wheel, bumper] arrière ; [paw, leg] arrière ; [bedroom] du fond ; [edge] arrière ; [page] dernier/-ière (before n) ; [garden, gate] de derrière ; back tooth molaire f ;C adv1 ( indicating return after absence) to be back être de retour ; I'll be back in five minutes/six weeks je reviens dans cinq minutes/six semaines ; to arrive ou come back rentrer (from de) ; he's back at work il a repris le travail ; she's back in (the) hospital elle est retournée à l'hôpital ; it's good to be back home c'est agréable de rentrer chez soi or de se retrouver à la maison ; when is he due back? quand doit-il rentrer? ; to go back to reprendre [work] ; retourner en [France, China] ; retourner au [Canada, Japan] ; retourner à [Paris, museum, shop] ; the mini-skirt is back ( in fashion) les mini-jupes sont de nouveau à la mode ;2 ( in return) to call ou phone back rappeler ; I'll write back (to him) je lui répondrai ; he hasn't written back yet il n'a pas encore répondu ; ‘OK,’ he shouted back ‘OK,’ a-t-il répondu en criant ; to punch sb back rendre son coup à qn ; to smile back at sb rendre son sourire à qn ; he was rude back il a été aussi impoli avec moi que je l'avais été avec lui ; ⇒ answer ;3 (backwards, in a reverse direction) [glance, jump, step, lean] en arrière ;4 ( away) we overtook him 20 km back nous l'avons doublé il y a 20 km ; there's a garage 10 km back nous avons passé un garage à 10 km en arrière ;6 ( a long time ago) back in 1964/April en 1964/avril ; back before Easter/the revolution avant Pâques/la révolution ; back in the days when du temps où ; it was obvious as far back as last year/1985 that déjà l'année dernière/en 1985 il était évident que ; to go ou date back to remonter à [Roman times, 1700] ;7 ( once again) she's back in power/control elle a repris le pouvoir/les commandes ; Paul is back at the wheel Paul a repris le volant ; to get back to sleep se rendormir ; to go back home rentrer chez soi ; to go back to bed se recoucher ;8 ( nearer the beginning) ten lines back dix lignes plus haut ; ten pages back dix pages plus tôt or avant ;9 ( indicating return to sb's possession) to give/send sth back rendre/renvoyer qch (to à) ; to put sth back remettre qch ; I've got my books back on m'a rendu mes livres ; to get one's money back être remboursé ; he wants his dictionary back now il veut que tu lui rendes son dictionnaire tout de suite ;10 ( expressing a return to a former location) to travel to London and back faire l'aller-retour à Londres ; the journey to Madrid and back l'aller-retour à Madrid ; we walked there and took the train back nous y sommes allés à pied et nous avons pris le train pour rentrer ; how long will it take to drive back? combien de temps est-ce que ça prendra pour rentrer en voiture? ;11 ( in a different location) meanwhile, back in France, he… pendant ce temps, en France, il… ; back in the studio, recording had begun au studio, l'enregistrement avait commencé ; I'll see you back at the house/in the office je te verrai à la maison/au bureau.D back and forth adv phr to go ou travel back and forth ( commute) [person, bus] faire la navette (between entre) ; to walk ou go back and forth faire des allées et venues (between entre) ; to swing back and forth [pendulum] osciller ; to sway back and forth se balancer ; the film cuts ou moves back and forth between New York and Paris le film se passe entre New York et Paris.E vtr1 ( support) soutenir [candidate, party, person, bid, bill, action] ; appuyer [application] ; apporter son soutien à [enterprise, project] ; the strike is backed by the union le syndicat soutient la grève ; the junta is backed by the militia la junte est soutenue par la milice ;2 ( finance) financer [project, undertaking] ;4 ( substantiate) justifier [argument, claim] (with à l'aide de) ;5 ( reverse) faire reculer [horse] ; to back the car into the garage rentrer la voiture au garage en marche arrière ; to back sb into/against sth faire reculer qn dans/contre qch ; to back oars ou water déramer ;6 ( bet on) parier sur [horse, favourite, winner] ; to back a loser [race goer] miser sur un cheval perdant ; fig ( invest ill-advisedly) mal placer son argent ; ( support a lost cause) soutenir une cause perdue d'avance ; to back the wrong horse lit, fig miser sur le mauvais cheval ;7 (stiffen, line) consolider, renforcer [structure] ; endosser [book] ; renforcer, entoiler [map] ; maroufler [painting] ; doubler [fabric] ;8 Mus accompagner [singer, performer] ;9 Naut masquer, coiffer [sail].F vi1 ( reverse) faire marche arrière ;2 Naut [wind] changer de direction.G - backed (dans composés)1 ( of furniture) a high-/low-backed chair une chaise avec un dossier haut/bas ;2 (lined, stiffened) canvas-/foam-backed doublé de toile/de mousse ;4 ( financed) government-backed financé par l'État.to break the back of a journey/task faire le plus gros du voyage/travail. ⇒ beyond, duck, hand, own, scratch, wall.■ back away reculer ; to back away from lit s'éloigner de [person, precipice] ; fig prendre ses distances par rapport à [issue, problem] ; chercher à éviter [confrontation].■ back down:▶ back down ( give way) céder ; you can't back down now tu ne peux pas céder maintenant ; to back down from chercher à éviter [confrontation] ; to back down on ou over reconsidérer [sanctions, proposal, allegations] ;▶ back down [sth] [person] descendre [qch] à reculons [slope] ; [car] descendre [qch] en marche arrière [drive, hill].■ back off1 ( move away) reculer ;■ back onto:▶ back onto [sth] [house] donner sur [qch] à l'arrière [fields, railway].■ back out:▶ back out1 ( come out backwards) [person] sortir à reculons ; [car, driver] sortir en marche arrière ; to back out of [person] sortir de [qch] en reculant [room] ; [car, driver] sortir de [qch] en marche arrière [garage, parking space] ;2 ( renege on) se désister, reculer ; to back out of annuler [deal, contract] ; [competitor, team] se retirer de [event] ;▶ back [sth] out faire sortir [qch] en marche arrière [vehicle] ; to back the car out of the garage faire sortir la voiture du garage en marche arrière.■ back up:▶ back up1 ( reverse) [driver, vehicle] reculer, faire marche arrière ; back up a few metres recule de quelques mètres ;▶ back [sth] up, back up [sth]2 Comput sauvegarder [data, file] ;▶ back [sb] up soutenir [person]. -
13 straddle
straddle ['strædəl](a) (sit astride of → horse, bicycle) chevaucher; (→ wall, chair) se mettre à califourchon sur; (mount → horse, bicycle) enfourcher; (step over → ditch, obstacle) enjamber(b) (span, spread over) enjamber;∎ the bridge straddles the river le pont enjambe la rivière;∎ the park straddles the state line le parc est à cheval sur la frontière entre les États;∎ their empire straddled the Mediterranean leur empire englobait la Méditerranée;∎ a company that straddles two continents une entreprise qui a des intérêts dans deux continents∎ to straddle the fence (be noncommittal) ne pas prendre position□ ;∎ you can't straddle the fence vous devez prendre position3 nounStock Exchange ordre m lié, opération f à cheval;∎ to take a straddle position = jumeler simultanément un achat sur une époque avec une vente sur une autre -
14 seat
si:t
1. noun1) (something for sitting on: Are there enough seats for everyone?) asiento2) (the part of a chair etc on which the body sits: This chair-seat is broken.) asiento3) ((the part of a garment covering) the buttocks: I've got a sore seat after all that horse riding; a hole in the seat of his trousers.) culo, trasero4) (a place in which a person has a right to sit: two seats for the play; a seat in Parliament; a seat on the board of the company.) plaza5) (a place that is the centre of some activity etc: Universities are seats of learning.) sede, centro
2. verb1) (to cause to sit down: I seated him in the armchair.) sentar2) (to have seats for: Our table seats eight.) tener sitio para•- - seater- seating
- seat belt
- take a seat
seat n asientoplease take a seat siéntese, por favortr[siːt]1 (chair - gen) asiento; (- in cinema, theatre) butaca■ the back/front seat of the car el asiento de detrás/delante del coche2 (place) plaza; (at theatre, opera, stadium) localidad nombre femenino; (ticket) entrada, localidad nombre femenino■ do you think we can get seats for "Cats"? ¿crees que podemos encontrar entradas para "Cats"?3 (of cycle) sillín nombre masculino; (of toilet) asiento; (of trousers) fondillos nombre masculino plural; (of chair) fondo; (bottom, buttocks) trasero, pompis nombre masculino4 (centre) sede nombre femenino, centro1 (sit) sentar2 (accomodate) tener sitio para; (theatre, hall, etc) tener cabida para\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLplease be seated siéntese/siéntense por favorto be in the driving/driver's seat dirigir, controlarto remain seated quedarse sentado,-ato seat oneself sentarseto take a back seat pasar a segundo plano, mantenerse al margento take a seat sentarse, tomar asientoseat belt cinturón nombre masculino de seguridadseat ['si:t] vt1) sit: sentarplease be seated: siéntense, por favor2) hold: tener cabida parathe stadium seats 40,000: el estadio tiene 40,000 asientosseat n1) : asiento m, plaza f (en un vehículo)take a seat: tome asiento2) bottom: fondillos mpl (de la ropa), trasero m (del cuerpo)3) : sede f (de un gobierno, etc.)n.n.• asiento s.m.• culo s.m.• lecho s.m.• localidad s.f.• plaza s.f.• residencia s.f.• sede s.f.• silla s.f.v.• asentar v.• establecer v.• fijar v.• sentar v.
I siːt1) ( place to sit) asiento m; ( on bicycle) asiento m, sillín m; ( in theater) asiento m, butaca fplease have o take a seat — tome asiento, por favor (frml), siéntese, por favor
there aren't any seats left — ( in cinema) no quedan localidades
can you keep my seat for me? — ¿me guardas el lugar or el asiento?
2)a) ( of chair) asiento mb) ( of garment) fondillos mpl, fundillos mpl (AmS)3)a) ( Govt) escaño m, banca f (RPl), curul m (Col, Méx)to have a seat on a committee — ser* miembro de una comisión
b) ( constituency) (BrE) distrito m electoral4)a) ( center) sede fb) ( of family) residencia f, casa f solariega
II
a) \<\<child\>\> sentar*please be seated — (frml) tomen asiento, por favor (frml)
to remain seated — permanecer* sentado
b) ( have room for) \<\<auditorium\>\> tener* cabida or capacidad para[siːt]how many does the bus seat? — ¿cuántas plazas or cuántos asientos tiene el autobús?
1. N1) (=place to sit) asiento m ; (in cinema, theatre) butaca f, asiento m ; (in car, plane, train, bus) asiento m ; (on cycle) sillín m, asiento mis this seat free? — ¿está libre este asiento?
save me a seat — guárdame un sitio or asiento
•
to take one's seat — sentarse, tomar asiento- take a back seatdriving 3., hot 4.his private life takes a back seat to the problems of the company — su vida privada ocupa un segundo lugar después de los problemas de la compañía
2) [of chair, toilet] asiento m3) (=ticket) (Theat, Cine, Sport) localidad f, entrada f ; (for plane, train, bus) plaza fwe need two seats on the first available flight — necesitamos dos plazas en el primer vuelo disponible
are there any seats left? — (Theat, Cine, Sport) ¿quedan localidades or entradas?; (on plane) ¿quedan plazas?
4) (Pol) (in parliament) escaño m, curul f (Col); (=constituency) circunscripción f electoralsafe 4.she kept/lost her seat in the election — retuvo/perdió su escaño en las elecciones
5) (on board, committee) puesto m6) [of trousers] fondillos mpl- do sth by the seat of one's pants7) (=centre) [of government] sede f ; [of family] residencia f, casa f solariegafamily seat — casa f solariega
seat of learning — liter centro m de estudios, templo m del saber liter
8) (=source) [of infection, problem] foco m10) [of rider]2. VT1) [+ person] [+ child, invalid] sentarthey seat guests at a different table every day — todos los días ponen a los invitados en mesas diferentes
to seat o.s. — sentarse, tomar asiento frm
2) (=hold) [hall, vehicle] tener cabida parathe bus seats 53 people — el autobús tiene cabida para 53 personas (sentadas), el autobús tiene 53 plazas or asientos
the car seats five — caben cinco personas en el coche, el coche tiene cabida para cinco personas
the theatre seats 900 — el teatro tiene un aforo de 900 localidades, el teatro tiene cabida para 900 personas
3) (Mech) [+ valve, bearing] asentar, ajustar4) (fig)deeply seated attitudes — actitudes fpl muy arraigadas
3.CPDfasten your seat belts — (Aer) abróchense el cinturón de seguridad
put your seat belt on — (Aut) póngase el cinturón de seguridad
seat cover N — funda f de asiento
* * *
I [siːt]1) ( place to sit) asiento m; ( on bicycle) asiento m, sillín m; ( in theater) asiento m, butaca fplease have o take a seat — tome asiento, por favor (frml), siéntese, por favor
there aren't any seats left — ( in cinema) no quedan localidades
can you keep my seat for me? — ¿me guardas el lugar or el asiento?
2)a) ( of chair) asiento mb) ( of garment) fondillos mpl, fundillos mpl (AmS)3)a) ( Govt) escaño m, banca f (RPl), curul m (Col, Méx)to have a seat on a committee — ser* miembro de una comisión
b) ( constituency) (BrE) distrito m electoral4)a) ( center) sede fb) ( of family) residencia f, casa f solariega
II
a) \<\<child\>\> sentar*please be seated — (frml) tomen asiento, por favor (frml)
to remain seated — permanecer* sentado
b) ( have room for) \<\<auditorium\>\> tener* cabida or capacidad parahow many does the bus seat? — ¿cuántas plazas or cuántos asientos tiene el autobús?
-
15 near
1. adverb1) (at a short distance) nah[e]stand/live [quite] near — [ganz] in der Nähe stehen/wohnen
come or draw near/nearer — [Tag, Zeitpunkt:] nahen/näherrücken
near at hand — in Reichweite (Dat.); [Ort] ganz in der Nähe
be near at hand — [Ereignis:] nahe bevorstehen
so near and yet so far — so nah und doch so fern
2) (closely)2. preposition1) (in space) (position) nahe an/bei (+ Dat.); (motion) nahe an (+ Akk.); (fig.) nahe (geh.) nachgestellt (+ Dat.); in der Nähe (+ Gen.)go near the water's edge — nahe ans Ufer gehen
keep near me — halte dich od. bleib in meiner Nähe
near where... — in der Nähe od. unweit der Stelle (Gen.), wo...
move it nearer her — rücke es näher zu ihr
don't stand so near the fire — geh nicht so nahe od. dicht an das Feuer
when we got nearer Oxford — als wir in die Nähe von Oxford kamen
wait till we're nearer home — warte, bis wir nicht mehr so weit von zu Hause weg sind
the man near/nearest you — der Mann, der bei dir/der dir am nächsten steht
nobody comes anywhere near him at swimming — im Schwimmen kommt bei weitem keiner an ihn heran
we're no nearer solving the problem — wir sind der Lösung des Problems nicht nähergekommen
3) (in time)near the end/the beginning of something — gegen Ende/zu Anfang einer Sache (Gen.)
4) in comb. Beinahe[unfall, -zusammenstoß, -katastrophe]be in a state of near-collapse — kurz vor dem Zusammenbruch stehen
3. adjectivea near-miracle — fast od. beinahe ein Wunder
£30 or near/nearest offer — 30 Pfund oder nächstbestes Angebot
this is the nearest equivalent — dies entspricht dem am ehesten
that's the nearest you'll get to an answer — eine weitergehende Antwort wirst du nicht bekommen
near escape — Entkommen mit knapper Not
round it up to the nearest penny — runde es auf den nächsthöheren Pfennigbetrag
be a near miss — [Schuss, Wurf:] knapp danebengehen
that was a near miss — (escape) das war aber knapp!
4)the near side — (Brit.) (travelling on the left/right) die linke/rechte Seite
5) (direct)4. transitive verbsich nähern (+ Dat.)* * *[niə] 1. adjective1) (not far away in place or time: The station is quite near; Christmas is getting near.) nahe2) (not far away in relationship: He is a near relation.) nahe2. adverb1) (to or at a short distance from here or the place mentioned: He lives quite near.) nahe3. preposition(at a very small distance from (in place, time etc): She lives near the church; It was near midnight when they arrived.) nahe4. verb(to come near (to): The roads became busier as they neared the town; as evening was nearing.) sich nähren- academic.ru/49300/nearly">nearly- nearness
- nearby
- nearside
- near-sighted
- a near miss* * *[nɪəʳ, AM nɪr]I. adj1. (close in space) nahe, in der Nähewhere's the \nearest phone box? wo ist die nächste Telefonzelle?in the \near distance [ganz] in der Nähe2. (close in time) nahein the \near future in der nahen Zukunft3. (most similar)▪ \nearest am nächstenwalking in these boots is the \nearest thing to floating on air in diesen Stiefeln läuft man fast wie auf Wattethis was the \nearest equivalent to cottage cheese I could find von allem, was ich auftreiben konnte, ist das hier Hüttenkäse am ähnlichstenhe rounded up the sum to the \nearest dollar er rundete die Summe auf den nächsten Dollar aufhe was in a state of \near despair er war der Verzweiflung nahethat's a \near certainty/impossibility das ist so gut wie sicher/unmöglicha \near catastrophe/collision eine Beinahekatastrophe/ein Beinahezusammenstoß mhe's a \near neighbour er gehört zu der unmittelbaren Nachbarschaft\near relative enge[r] [o nahe[r]] Verwandte[r]7.▶ a \near thing:that was a \near thing! it could have been a disaster das war aber knapp! es hätte ein Unglück geben könnenshe won in the end but it was a \near thing am Ende hat sie doch noch gewonnen, aber es war knappII. adv1. (close in space) nahedo you live somewhere \near? wohnst du hier irgendwo in der Nähe?I wish we lived \nearer ich wünschte, wir würden näher beieinanderwohnenI was standing just \near enough to hear what he was saying ich stand gerade nah genug, um zu hören, was er sagte2. (close in time) nahethe time is drawing \nearer die Zeit rückt näher3. (almost) beinahe, fasta \near perfect performance eine fast perfekte VorstellungI \near fell out or the chair ich wäre beinahe vom Stuhl gefallenas \near as:as \near as he could recall, the burglar had been tall soweit er sich erinnern konnte, war der Einbrecher groß gewesenI'm as \near certain as can be ich bin mir so gut wie sicherthere were about 60 people at the party, as \near as I could judge ich schätze, es waren so um die 60 Leute auf der Party\near enough ( fam) fast, beinaheshe's been here 10 years, \near enough sie ist seit 10 Jahren hier, so ungefähr jedenfallsthey're the same age or \near enough sie haben so ungefähr dasselbe Alternowhere [or not anywhere] \near bei Weitem nichthis income is nowhere \near enough to live on sein Einkommen reicht bei Weitem nicht zum Leben [aus]he's not anywhere \near as [or so] tall as his sister er ist längst nicht so groß wie seine Schwester4.it will cost £200, or as \near as dammit so Pi mal Daumen gerechnet wird es etwa 200 Pfund kostenIII. prep1. (in proximity to)he stood \near her er stand nahe [o dicht] bei ihrdo you live \near here? wohnen Sie hier in der Nähe?we live quite \near [to] a school wir wohnen in unmittelbarer Nähe einer Schulethe house was nowhere \near the port das Haus lag nicht mal in der Nähe des Hafensdon't come too \near me, you might catch my cold komm mir nicht zu nahe, du könntest dich mit meiner Erkältung ansteckenwhich bus stop is \nearest [to] your house? welche Bushaltestelle ist von deinem Haus aus die nächste?go and sit \nearer [to] the fire komm, setz dich näher ans Feuerthere's a car park \near the factory bei [o in der Nähe] der Fabrik gibt es einen ParkplatzI shan't be home till some time \near midnight ich werde erst so um Mitternacht zurück seinit's nowhere \near time for us to leave yet es ist noch längst nicht Zeit für uns zu gehenI'm nowhere \near finishing the book ich habe das Buch noch längst nicht ausgelesendetails will be given \near the date die Einzelheiten werden kurz vor dem Termin bekanntgegebenhis birthday is very \near Easter er hat kurz vor Ostern GeburtstagI'll think about it \nearer [to] the time wenn die Zeit reif ist, dann werde ich drüber nachdenken\near the end of the war gegen Kriegsende3. (close to a state) nahewe came \near to being killed wir wären beinahe getötet wordenthey came \near to blows over the election results sie hätten sich fast geprügelt wegen der Wahlergebnisse\near to starvation/dehydration nahe dem Verhungern/Verdursten\near to tears den Tränen nahe4. (similar in quantity or quality)he's \nearer 70 than 60 er ist eher 70 als 60this colour is \nearest [to] the original diese Farbe kommt dem Original am nächstennobody else comes \near him in cooking was das Kochen angeht, da kommt keiner an ihn ran5. (about ready to)I am \near to losing my temper ich verliere gleich die Geduldhe came \near to punching him er hätte ihn beinahe geschlagen6. (like)he felt something \near envy er empfand so etwas wie Neidwhat he said was nothing \near the truth was er sagte, entsprach nicht im Entferntesten der Wahrheit7. (almost amount of) annähernd, fastit weighed \near to a pound es wog etwas weniger als ein Pfundtemperatures \near 30 degrees Temperaturen von etwas unter 30 Gradprofits fell from £8 million to \nearer £6 million die Gewinne sind von 8 Millionen auf gerade mal 6 Millionen zurückgegangenIV. vtwe \neared the top of the mountain wir kamen dem Gipfel des Berges immer näherto \near completion kurz vor der Vollendung stehenlunchtime is \nearing es ist bald Mittagszeitas Christmas \neared, little Susan became more and more excited als Weihnachten nahte, wurde die kleine Susan immer aufgeregter* * *[nɪə(r)] (+er)1. ADVERB1) = close in space or time nahedon't sit/stand so near — setzen Sie sich/stehen Sie nicht so nahe (daran)
you live nearer/nearest — du wohnst näher/am nächsten
to move/come nearer — näher kommen
that was the nearest I ever got to seeing him — da hätte ich ihn fast gesehen
that's the nearest I ever got to being fired — da hätte nicht viel gefehlt und ich wäre rausgeworfen worden
the nearer it gets to the election, the more they look like losing — je näher die Wahl kommt or rückt, desto mehr sieht es danach aus, dass sie verlieren werden __diams; to be near at hand zur Hand sein; (shops) in der Nähe sein; (help) ganz nahe sein; (event) unmittelbar bevorstehen
2) = closely, accurately genauas near as I can tell —
(that's) near enough — so gehts ungefähr, das haut so ungefähr hin (inf)
... no, but near enough —... nein, aber es ist nicht weit davon entfernt
4)it's nowhere near enough — das ist bei Weitem nicht genugwe're not any nearer (to) solving the problem — wir sind der Lösung des Problems kein bisschen näher gekommen
we're nowhere or not anywhere near finishing the book —
you are nowhere or not anywhere near the truth — das ist weit gefehlt, du bist weit von der Wahrheit entfernt
he is nowhere or not anywhere near as clever as you — er ist lange or bei Weitem nicht so klug wie du
2. PREPOSITION(also ADV: near to)1) = close to position nahe an (+dat), nahe (+dat); (with motion) nahe an (+acc); (= in the vicinity of) in der Nähe von or +gen; (with motion) in die Nähe von or +genmove the chair near/nearer (to) the table — rücken Sie den Stuhl an den/näher an den Tisch
to get near/nearer (to) sb/sth — nahe/näher an jdn/etw herankommen
to stand near/nearer (to) the table — nahe/näher am Tisch stehen
he won't go near anything illegal —
near here/there — hier/dort in der Nähe
near (to) where I had seen him — nahe der Stelle, wo ich ihn gesehen hatte
to be nearest to sth — einer Sache (dat) am nächsten sein
take the chair nearest (to) you/the table — nehmen Sie den Stuhl direkt neben Ihnen/dem Tisch
that's nearer it —
the adaptation is very near (to) the original — die Bearbeitung hält sich eng ans Original
to be near (to) sb's heart or sb — jdm am Herzen liegen
to be near (to) the knuckle or bone (joke) — gewagt sein; (remark) hart an der Grenze sein
2) = close in time with time stipulated gegennear (to) the appointed time — um die ausgemachte Zeit herum
come back nearer (to) 3 o'clock —
to be nearer/nearest (to) sth — einer Sache (dat) zeitlich näher liegen/am nächsten liegen
near (to) the end of my stay/the play/the book — gegen Ende meines Aufenthalts/des Stücks/des Buchs
as it drew near/nearer (to) his departure — als seine Abreise heranrückte/näher heranrückte
3)= on the point of
to be near (to) doing sth — nahe daran sein, etw zu tunto be near (to) tears/despair etc — den Tränen/der Verzweiflung etc nahe sein
she was near (to) laughing out loud — sie hätte beinahe laut gelacht
the project is near/nearer (to) completion —
he came near to ruining his chances — er hätte sich seine Chancen beinahe verdorben, es hätte nicht viel gefehlt, und er hätte sich seine Chancen verdorben
we were near to being drowned — wir waren dem Ertrinken nahe, wir wären beinahe ertrunken
4) = similar to ähnlich (+dat)German is nearer (to) Dutch than English is — Deutsch ist dem Holländischen ähnlicher als Englisch
it's the same thing or near it —
nobody comes anywhere near him at swimming (inf) — im Schwimmen kann es niemand mit ihm aufnehmen (inf)
3. ADJECTIVE1) = close in space or time naheto be near (person, object) — in der Nähe sein; (danger, end, help) nahe sein; (event, departure, festival) bevorstehen
to be very near — ganz in der Nähe sein; (in time) nahe or unmittelbar bevorstehen; (danger etc) ganz nahe sein
to be nearer/nearest — näher/am nächsten sein; (event etc) zeitlich näher/am nächsten liegen
it looks very near —
his answer was nearer than mine/nearest — seine Antwort traf eher zu als meine/traf die Sachlage am ehesten
when death is so near — wenn man dem Tod nahe ist
these events are still very near —
the hour is near (when...) (old) her hour was near (old) — die Stunde ist nahe(, da...) (old) ihre Stunde war nahe (old)
a near disaster/accident — beinahe or fast ein Unglück nt/ein Unfall m
his nearest rival — sein schärfster Rivale, seine schärfste Rivalin
to be in a state of near collapse/hysteria — am Rande eines Zusammenbruchs/der Hysterie sein
£50 or nearest offer (Comm) — Verhandlungsbasis £ 50
we'll sell it for £50, or nearest offer — wir verkaufen es für £ 50 oder das nächstbeste Angebot
this is the nearest translation you'll get — besser kann man es kaum übersetzen, diese Übersetzung trifft es noch am ehesten
that's the nearest thing you'll get to a compliment/an answer — ein besseres Kompliment/eine bessere Antwort kannst du kaum erwarten
4. TRANSITIVE VERBsich nähern (+dat)to be nearing sth (fig) — auf etw (acc) zugehen
5. INTRANSITIVE VERB(time, event) näher rückenthe time is nearing when... — die Zeit rückt näher, da...
* * *near [nıə(r)]A adv1. nahe, (ganz) in der Nähe, dicht dabei2. nahe (bevorstehend) (Zeitpunkt, Ereignis etc)3. nahe (heran), näher:4. nahezu, beinahe, fast:£1,000 is not anywhere near enough 1000 Pfund sind bei Weitem nicht genug oder sind auch nicht annähernd genug;not anywhere near as bad as nicht annähernd so schlecht wie, bei Weitem nicht so schlecht wie5. obs sparsam:6. fig eng (verwandt, befreundet etc)1. nahe (gelegen), in der Nähe:the nearest place der nächstgelegene Ort2. kurz, nahe:the nearest way der kürzeste Weg3. nahe (Zeitpunkt, Ereignis etc):4. nahe (verwandt):the nearest relations die nächsten Verwandten5. eng (befreundet oder vertraut):a near friend ein guter oder enger Freund;my nearest and dearest friend mein bester Freund;my nearest and dearest meine Lieben6. knapp:we had a near escape wir sind mit knapper Not entkommen;a) knapp danebengehen (Schuss etc),b) fig knapp scheitern;7. genau, wörtlich, wortgetreu (Übersetzung etc)8. umg knaus(e)rigC präpnear sb in jemandes Nähe;a house near the station ein Haus in Bahnhofsnähe;get near the end of one’s career sich dem Ende seiner Laufbahn nähern;near completion der Vollendung nahe, nahezu fertiggestellt;a) nicht weit von hier,b) hier in der Nähe;his opinion is very near my own wir sind fast der gleichen Meinung;2. (zeitlich) nahe, nicht weit vonD v/t & v/i sich nähern, näher kommen (dat):a) → A 1,a) sich ungefähr belaufen auf (akk),b) einer Sache sehr nahe oder fast gleichkommen, fast etwas sein she came near to tears sie war den Tränen nahe, sie hätte fast geweint;* * *1. adverb1) (at a short distance) nah[e]stand/live [quite] near — [ganz] in der Nähe stehen/wohnen
come or draw near/nearer — [Tag, Zeitpunkt:] nahen/näherrücken
near at hand — in Reichweite (Dat.); [Ort] ganz in der Nähe
be near at hand — [Ereignis:] nahe bevorstehen
2) (closely)2. prepositionnear to = 2 a, b, c; we were near to being drowned — wir wären fast od. beinah[e] ertrunken
1) (in space) (position) nahe an/bei (+ Dat.); (motion) nahe an (+ Akk.); (fig.) nahe (geh.) nachgestellt (+ Dat.); in der Nähe (+ Gen.)keep near me — halte dich od. bleib in meiner Nähe
near where... — in der Nähe od. unweit der Stelle (Gen.), wo...
don't stand so near the fire — geh nicht so nahe od. dicht an das Feuer
wait till we're nearer home — warte, bis wir nicht mehr so weit von zu Hause weg sind
the man near/nearest you — der Mann, der bei dir/der dir am nächsten steht
2) (in quality)3) (in time)ask me again nearer the time — frag mich, wenn der Zeitpunkt etwas näher gerückt ist, noch einmal
near the end/the beginning of something — gegen Ende/zu Anfang einer Sache (Gen.)
4) in comb. Beinahe[unfall, -zusammenstoß, -katastrophe]3. adjectivea near-miracle — fast od. beinahe ein Wunder
1) (in space or time) nahe2) (closely related) nahe [Verwandte]; eng [Freund]3) (in nature) fast richtig [Vermutung]; groß [Ähnlichkeit]£30 or near/nearest offer — 30 Pfund oder nächstbestes Angebot
be a near miss — [Schuss, Wurf:] knapp danebengehen
that was a near miss — (escape) das war aber knapp!
4)the near side — (Brit.) (travelling on the left/right) die linke/rechte Seite
5) (direct)4. transitive verbsich nähern (+ Dat.)* * *adj.nah adj. prep.nächst präp. -
16 back
1.[bæk]noun1) (of person, animal) Rücken, derstand back to back — Rücken an Rücken stehen
as soon as my back was turned — (fig.) sowie ich den Rücken gedreht hatte
turn one's back on somebody — jemandem den Rücken zuwenden; (fig.): (abandon somebody) jemanden im Stich lassen
turn one's back on something — (fig.) sich um etwas nicht kümmern
get or put somebody's back up — (fig.) jemanden wütend machen
be glad to see the back of somebody/something — (fig.) froh sein, jemanden/etwas nicht mehr sehen zu müssen
have one's back to the wall — (fig.) mit dem Rücken zur Wand stehen
get off my back — (fig. coll.) lass mich zufrieden
have somebody/something on one's back — (fig.) jemanden/etwas am Hals haben (ugs.)
put one's back into something — (fig.) sich für etwas mit allen Kräften einsetzen
the car went into the back of me — (coll.) das Auto ist mir hinten reingefahren (ugs.)
with the back of one's hand — mit dem Handrücken
know something like the back of one's hand — (fig.) etwas wie seine Westentasche kennen
the back of one's/the head — der Hinterkopf
the back of the leg — die Wade
at the back [of the book] — hinten [im Buch]
5) (more remote part) hinterer Teilat the back [of something] — hinten [in etwas (Dat.)]; im hinteren Teil [von etwas]
6) (of chair) [Rücken]lehne, die; (of house, cheque) Rückseite, die; (back wall) Rückseite, die; Rückwand, dieplease get to the back of the queue — bitte, stellen Sie sich hinten an
2. adjective, no compar.; superl.in back of something — (Amer.) hinter etwas (Dat.)
backmost ['bækməʊst]1) (situated behind) hinter...3) (overdue) rückständig [Lohn, Steuern]3. adverb1) (to the rear) zurück2) (behind) zurück; weiter hintenwe passed a pub two miles back — wir sind vor zwei Meilen an einem Pub vorbeigefahren
back of something — (Amer.) hinter etwas (Dat.)
3) (at a distance)the journey back — die Rückfahrt/der Rückflug
5) (to original condition) wieder6) (in the past) zurücka week/month back — vor einer Woche/vor einem Monat
7) (in return) zurück4. transitive verbI got a letter back — er/sie hat mir wiedergeschrieben
1) (assist) helfen (+ Dat.); unterstützen [Person, Sache]2) (bet on) wetten od. setzen auf (+ Akk.) [Pferd, Gewinner, Favorit]back the wrong/right horse — (lit. or fig.) aufs falsche/richtige Pferd setzen (ugs.)
3) (cause to move back) zurücksetzen [mit] [Fahrzeug]; rückwärts gehen lassen [Pferd]5) (endorse) indossieren [Wechsel, Scheck]6) (lie at the back of)back something — hinten an etwas (Akk.) grenzen
7) (Mus.) begleiten5. intransitive verbback into/out of something — rückwärts in etwas (Akk.)/aus etwas fahren
back on to something — hinten an etwas (Akk.) grenzen
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/4912/back_down">back down- back out- back up* * *[bæk] 1. noun1) (in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine: She lay on her back.) der Rücken2) (in animals, the upper part of the body: She put the saddle on the horse's back.) der Rücken3) (that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front: the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall.) die Rückseite4) (in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards.) der/die Verteidiger/-in2. adjective(of or at the back: the back door.) rückwärtig3. adverb1) (to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came: I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner.) zurück2) (away (from something); not near (something): Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you!)3) (towards the back (of something): Sit back in your chair.) zurück5) (to, or in, the past: Think back to your childhood.) zurück4. verb2) (to help or support: Will you back me against the others?) unterstützen, Rückhalt bieten3) (to bet or gamble on: I backed your horse to win.) setzen auf•- backer- backbite
- backbiting
- backbone
- backbreaking
- backdate
- backfire
- background
- backhand 5. adverb(using backhand: She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand.) Schlag mit der Rückhand- backlog- back-number
- backpack
- backpacking: go backpacking
- backpacker
- backside
- backslash
- backstroke
- backup
- backwash
- backwater
- backyard
- back down
- back of
- back on to
- back out
- back up
- have one's back to the wall
- put someone's back up
- take a back seat* * *[bæk]I. nbehind sb's \back ( fig) hinter jds Rückento lie on one's \back auf dem Rücken liegento slap sb on the \back jdm auf den Rücken klopfen\back to \back Rücken an Rücken2. (not front) of building, page Rückseite f; of car Heck nt; of chair Lehne f; (in car) Rücksitz[e] m[pl], Fond m fachsprwe sat at the \back of the theatre wir saßen ganz hinten im TheaterTed is out [or BRIT, AUS round] the \back [or AM out \back] Ted ist draußen hinter dem [o fam hinterm] Hausat [or in] the \back [of the bus/book] hinten [im Bus/Buch]in the \back of the car auf dem Rücksitz [o fachspr im Fond]\back to front verkehrt herum\back of the hand/head/leg Handrücken m/Hinterkopf m/Wade f4.▶ to get off sb's \back jdn in Ruhe lassen▶ to be glad to see the \back of sb froh sein, jdn los zu sein▶ to have one's \back against the wall mit dem Rücken zur [o an der] Wand stehen▶ to know sth like the \back of one's hand etw in- und auswendig [o wie seine Westentasche] kennen fam▶ in [or at] the \back of one's mind im Hinterkopfthe cops are on my \back ich habe die Bullen am Hals fam▶ to stab sb in the \back jdm in den Rücken fallen▶ to turn one's \back on sb (reject) sich akk von jdm abwenden; (ignore) jdm den Rücken [zu]kehren; (let down) jdn im Stich lassenII. adj attr, inv1.< backmost>(rear) Hinter-\back door Hintertür f\back entrance Hintereingang m\back leg Hinterbein nt\back pocket Gesäßtasche f\back seat Rücksitz m\back tooth Backenzahn m3. (old) alt\back issue alte Ausgabe\back orders Auftragsrückstand m4.there and \back hin und zurückto be \back [wieder] zurück [o wieder da] seinI'll be \back ich komme wiederto bring \back memories Erinnerungen weckento come \back zurückkommen, SCHWEIZ a. retour kommento come \back [into fashion] wieder in Mode kommento put sth \back etw zurücklegen2. (to rear)\back and forth hin und herto hold sb \back ( fig) jdn zurückhaltendon't let anything hold you \back lass dich durch nichts aufhaltento lie \back sich akk zurücklegento look \back zurückblicken a. figto sit \back sich akk zurücklehnento stand [well] \back zurücktreten, Abstand haltento throw \back one's head den Kopf zurückwerfen3. (in return)to call \back zurückrufento pay sth \back etw zurückzahlento write \back zurückschreiben4. (to past)as far \back as I can remember so weit ich zurückdenken kannthat was \back in 1950 das war [schon] 1950two months/years \back vor zwei Monaten/Jahrenwe were two points \back wir waren zwei Punkte hinter dem Gegner6.IV. vt1. (support)▪ to \back sth idea, plan, proposal etw unterstützen [o befürworten]to \back a bill FIN [als Dritter] einen Wechsel unterzeichnen; LAW einen Gesetzesentwurf unterstützento \back a horse auf ein Pferd setzen2. (drive)she \backed the car into the garage sie fuhr rückwärts in die Garage3. (accompany)▪ to \back sb/sth concert, band jdn/etw begleiten▪ to \back sth etw mit einem Rücken versehen5.the car \backed down the hill das Auto fuhr rückwärts den Berg hinunter* * *[bk]1. nto be on one's back (= be ill) — auf der Nase liegen (inf), krank sein
to break one's back (lit) — sich (dat) das Rückgrat brechen; (fig) sich abrackern, sich abmühen
behind sb's back (fig) — hinter jds Rücken (dat)
to put one's back into sth (fig) — sich bei etw anstrengen, bei etw Einsatz zeigen
to turn one's back on sb (lit) — jdm den Rücken zuwenden; (fig) sich von jdm abwenden
when I needed him he turned his back on me —
he's got the boss on his back all the time — er hat dauernd seinen Chef auf dem Hals
the rich have always lived off the backs of the poor — die Reichen haben immer auf Kosten der Armen gelebt
to have one's back to the wall (fig) — in die Enge getrieben sein/werden
I was pleased to see the back of them (inf) — ich war froh, sie endlich los zu sein (inf)
2) (as opposed to front) Rück- or Hinterseite f; (of hand, dress) Rücken m; (of house, page, coin, cheque) Rückseite f; (of material) linke Seiteat/on the back of the bus — hinten im/am Bus
in the back (of a car) —
there's one other worry at the back of my mind — da ist noch etwas, das mich beschäftigt
at the back of the garage (inside) — hinten in der Garage; (outside) hinter der Garage
at the back of beyond — am Ende der Welt, jwd (hum)
2. adjHinter-; rent ausstehend, rückständigback wheel — Hinterrad nt
3. adv1)(= to the rear)
(stand) back! — zurück(treten)!, (treten Sie) zurück!2) (= in return) zurück3) (= returning) zurückto come/go back — zurückkommen/-gehen
4) (= again) wiederI'll never go back — da gehe ich nie wieder hin
5)(= ago
in time phrases) a week back — vor einer Wocheback in March, 1987 —
far back in the past — vor langer, langer Zeit, vor Urzeiten
4. prep (US)5. vt1) (= support) unterstützenI will back you whatever you do — egal was du tust, ich stehe hinter dir
he backed his car into the tree/garage — er fuhr rückwärts gegen den Baum/in die Garage
6. vi1) (= move backwards car, train) zurücksetzen or -fahren* * *back1 [bæk]A s1. ANAT, ZOOLa) Rücken mb) Rückgrat n, Kreuz n:be at the back of sth hinter etwas stecken;behind sb’s backa) hinter jemandes Rücken (a. fig),b) fig in jemandes Abwesenheit;on one’s backa) auf dem Leib (Kleidungsstück),carry sth on one’s back etwas auf dem Rücken tragen;have sb on one’s back jemanden auf dem Hals haben;with one’s back to the wall mit dem Rücken zur Wand;have one’s back to the wall mit dem Rücken zur Wand stehen;spend every penny on one’s back sein ganzes Geld für Kleidung ausgeben;break one’s back sich abplagen;break sb’s backa) jemandem das Kreuz brechen (a. fig),b) fig jemanden zugrunde richten oder umg fertigmachen;break the back of sth das Schwierigste einer Sache hinter sich bringen;put one’s back into sth sich bei einer Sache ins Zeug legen, sich in eine Sache hineinknien;I hope I’ve seen the back of him hoffentlich sehe ich den Kerl nie wieder;turn one’s back on sba) jemandem den Rücken zuwenden,b) fig jemandem den Rücken kehren, sich von jemandem abkehren;make a back einen Buckel machen, sich bücken;a) Rücken an Rücken,b) bes US nacheinander;2. Hinter-, Rückseite f (des Kopfes, Hauses, Briefes, einer Tür etc), Unterseite f (eines Blattes), (Buch-, Berg-, Messer- etc) Rücken m, Kehrseite f (eines Bildes etc), (Rück)Lehne f (eines Stuhls), linke Seite (des Tuches), Boden m (eines Saiteninstruments):know sth back to front etwas in- und auswendig kennen;know a place like the back of one’s hand einen Ort wie seine Hosentasche kennen;run into the back of sb AUTO jemandem hinten reinfahren;he ran into the back of another car er hatte einen Auffahrunfallback of the head Hinterkopf m:back of the house rückwärtiger oder hinterer Teil des Hauses;at ( oder in) the back of beyond fig bes Br wo sich Fuchs und Hase gute Nacht sagen, am Ende oder sl Arsch der Welt;his name was (somewhere) at ( oder in) the back of my mind ich erinnerte mich dunkel an seinen Namen;have sth at the back of one’s mind insgeheim an etwas denken;at the back of the stage im Hintergrund der Bühne;at the back of the plane hinten im Flugzeug;in the back of the car auf dem Rücksitz oder im Fond des Autos4. Rückenteil m (eines Kleidungsstückes):have one’s pullover on back to front den Pullover verkehrt herum anhaben5. Hinterstück n:6. ARCH Hauptdachbalken m8. SPORT Verteidiger(in)B adj1. rückwärtig, letzt(er, e, es), hinter(er, e, es), Hinter…, Rück…, Nach…:back entrance Hintereingang m;back pass SPORTa) Rückpass m,b) Rückgabe f (zum Tormann)2. fern, abgelegen:back country Hinterland n;back province finster(st)e Provinz3. LING hinten im Mund geformt:a back vowel ein dunkler Vokal4. rückläufig:back flow Rückfluss m5. rückständig (Miete etc):back tax Steuerrückstände pl6. alt, zurückliegend:back issue alte Ausgabe (einer Zeitung etc)C adv1. zurück, rückwärts:a) back and forth hin und herb) vor und zurück;two miles back zwei Meilen zurück oder weiter hinten; (siehe die Verbindungen mit den entsprechenden Verben)2. (wieder) zurück:he is back (again) er ist wieder da;a) wieder zu Hause,b) US daheim, bei uns (zu Lande);3. zurück, vorher:20 years back vor 20 Jahren;4. umg zurück, im Rückstand:be back in one’s rent mit der Miete im Rückstand seinD v/t1. a) auch back up jemanden od etwas unterstützen, eintreten für, jemandem den Rücken stärken, jemanden decken, etwas bekräftigen, untermauern, belegen, WIRTSCH die Währung etc stützen, Noten decken2. auch back up zurückbewegen, einen Wagen, eine Maschine, ein Pferd etc rückwärts fahren oder laufen lassen:back one’s car up mit dem Auto rückwärts fahren oder zurückstoßen;back the car out of the garage den Wagen rückwärts aus der Garage fahren;a) SCHIFF ein Schiff rückwärts rudern, rückwärts fahren,b) US umg einen Rückzieher machen4. a) ein Pferd etc besteigenb) ein Pferd zureiten5. auch back up ein Buch etc mit einem Rücken versehen, an der Rückseite verstärken, einen Stuhl mit einer Lehne oder Rückenverstärkung versehen6. TECH beschichten, mit einem Überzug versehen8. WIRTSCH einen Scheck indossieren, gegenzeichnen, einen Wechsel als Bürge unterschreiben, avalieren9. auf der Rückseite beschreiben oder bedrucken10. den Hintergrund (gen) bilden, hinten grenzen an (akk)11. umg auf dem Rücken tragen, auf den Rücken nehmenE v/i1. oft back up sich zurückbewegen, sich rückwärts bewegen, zurückgehen oder -treten oder -fahren, AUTO auch zurückstoßen:back out rückwärts herausfahren (of aus)2. links umspringen, rückdrehen (Wind)a) SCHIFF back und voll brassen, lavieren,b) fig unschlüssig seinback2 [bæk] s Bottich m, Kufe f* * *1.[bæk]noun1) (of person, animal) Rücken, deras soon as my back was turned — (fig.) sowie ich den Rücken gedreht hatte
turn one's back on somebody — jemandem den Rücken zuwenden; (fig.): (abandon somebody) jemanden im Stich lassen
turn one's back on something — (fig.) sich um etwas nicht kümmern
get or put somebody's back up — (fig.) jemanden wütend machen
be glad to see the back of somebody/something — (fig.) froh sein, jemanden/etwas nicht mehr sehen zu müssen
have one's back to the wall — (fig.) mit dem Rücken zur Wand stehen
get off my back — (fig. coll.) lass mich zufrieden
have somebody/something on one's back — (fig.) jemanden/etwas am Hals haben (ugs.)
put one's back into something — (fig.) sich für etwas mit allen Kräften einsetzen
the car went into the back of me — (coll.) das Auto ist mir hinten reingefahren (ugs.)
know something like the back of one's hand — (fig.) etwas wie seine Westentasche kennen
the back of one's/the head — der Hinterkopf
at the back [of the book] — hinten [im Buch]
5) (more remote part) hinterer Teilat the back [of something] — hinten [in etwas (Dat.)]; im hinteren Teil [von etwas]
6) (of chair) [Rücken]lehne, die; (of house, cheque) Rückseite, die; (back wall) Rückseite, die; Rückwand, dieplease get to the back of the queue — bitte, stellen Sie sich hinten an
in back of something — (Amer.) hinter etwas (Dat.)
8) (of ship) Kiel, der2. adjective, no compar.; superl.backmost ['bækməʊst]1) (situated behind) hinter...2) (of the past) früher3) (overdue) rückständig [Lohn, Steuern]3. adverb1) (to the rear) zurück2) (behind) zurück; weiter hintenback of something — (Amer.) hinter etwas (Dat.)
4) (to original position, home) [wieder] zurückthe journey back — die Rückfahrt/der Rückflug
5) (to original condition) wieder6) (in the past) zurücka week/month back — vor einer Woche/vor einem Monat
7) (in return) zurück4. transitive verbI got a letter back — er/sie hat mir wiedergeschrieben
1) (assist) helfen (+ Dat.); unterstützen [Person, Sache]2) (bet on) wetten od. setzen auf (+ Akk.) [Pferd, Gewinner, Favorit]back the wrong/right horse — (lit. or fig.) aufs falsche/richtige Pferd setzen (ugs.)
3) (cause to move back) zurücksetzen [mit] [Fahrzeug]; rückwärts gehen lassen [Pferd]4) (put or act as a back to) [an der Rückseite] verstärken5) (endorse) indossieren [Wechsel, Scheck]back something — hinten an etwas (Akk.) grenzen
7) (Mus.) begleiten5. intransitive verbback into/out of something — rückwärts in etwas (Akk.)/aus etwas fahren
back on to something — hinten an etwas (Akk.) grenzen
Phrasal Verbs:- back out- back up* * *adj.retour adj.zurück adj. n.Heck -e n.Kehrseite f.Rücken - m.Rückseite f. v.unterstützen v. -
17 over
{'ouvə}
I. 1. над, върху (и прен.), край, до
OVER a glass of beer на чаша бира
to sit OVER the fire седя край/до огъня
to go to sleep OVER one's work заспивам над работата си/както работя
with his coat OVER his shoulder с палто, преметнато през/на рамо
to set OVER the rest поставям над другите
how long will yon be OVER it? колко време ще ти отнеме това? to stumble OVER a stone препъвам се в/o камък
2. по, на, из
all OVER the town по/из целия град
all OVER the world из/по целия свят
OVER Europe, Europe OVER из цяла Европа
3. оттатък, отвъд, през
the house OVER the way отсрещната къща
to speak OVER one's shoulder говоря през рамо
to escape OVER the frontier избягвам през границата
4. oт (ръба на нещо)
to fall OVER a cliff падам от скала
to flow OVER the edge проливам
5. през, през (цялото) време, в течение на
OVER the past 25 years в течение на/през последните 25 години
can you stay OVER Sunday? можеш ли да останеш и неделя/до понеделник? he will not live OVER today той няма да доживее до утре
6. над, повече от
it costs OVER USD 50 струва над 50 долара
OVER and above their wages освен/плюс/свръх надницата им
7. по (радио, телефон и пр.)
8. за, относно, във връзка с
to laugh OVER something смея се на/за нещо
trouble OVER money парични затруднения
II. 1. оттатък, отвъд, от/на другата страна
to jump OVER прескачам
OVER here ей ту к, отсам
OVER there ей там
2. насам, у/при мен, нас и пр.
he is OVER from Greece дошъл e от Гърция
ask him OVER покани го да дойде
we are having some friends OVER поканили сме приятели у нас
3. падане, прекатурване пре-
to fall OVER прекатурвам се
and OVER I went претърколих се
the milk boiled OVER млякото изкипя
4. предаване, преотстъпване и пр. пре-
to hand something OVER to someone предавам някому нещо
to go OVER to the enemy преминавам към неприятеля
OVER (to you)! сега e ваш ред! (радиотелеграфия и пр.)
5. от край до край, изцяло, навсякъде
to search the town OVER претърсвам целия град
he's English all OVER той e типичен англичанин
to be mud all OVER/разг. all OVER mud целият съм покрит с кал
to ache all OVER всичко ме боли
to paint OVER заличавам с боя
to look OVER accounts преглеждам сметки
to think something OVER премислям нещо
to talk the matter OVER обсъждам/разисквам въпрос
6. завършване, край
the play is OVER пиесата свърши
the rain is OVER дъждът преваля
it's all OVER всичко e свършено
it's OVER and done with окончателно e свършено, напълно e уредено
7. още веднъж, отново, пак (и OVER again)
I had to do it all OVER again трябваше да го правя пак от начало до край
ten times OVER десет пъти едно след друго
OVER and again много/безброй пъти, неведнъж
to turn something OVER and OVER обръщам нещо на всички страни
8. допълнително, отгоре, в остатък
children of fourteen and OVER деца от четиринайсет години нагоре
keep what is left OVER задръжте остатъка
nine divided by four makes two and one OVER девет делено на четири прави две и едно в остатък
I shall have something OVER ще ми остане нещо
9. извънредно, необичайно, особено
she grieves OVER much тя скърби прекалено много
he hasn't done it OVER well не го e направил особено добре
III. 1. горец, по-висш, по-висок
2. външен
3. допълнителен, извънреден, в повече
4. прекомерен
IV. pref свръх-, над-, пре-* * *{'ouvъ} prep 1. над, върху (и прен.), край, до; over а glass of bee(2) {'ouvъ} adv 1. оттатък, отвъд, от/на другата страна; to jump{3} {'ouvъ} а 1. горец, по-висш, по-висок; 2. външен; 3. допълни{4} {'ouvъ} pref свръх-, над-, пре-.* * *свръх; отвъд; отгоре; оттатък; отново; през; външен; върху; допълнително; горен; допълнителен; излишък; крайно; над; на;* * *1. all over the town по/из целия град 2. all over the world из/по целия свят 3. and over i went претърколих се 4. ask him over покани го да дойде 5. can you stay over sunday? можеш ли да останеш и неделя/до понеделник? he will not live over today той няма да доживее до утре 6. children of fourteen and over деца от четиринайсет години нагоре 7. he hasn't done it over well не го e направил особено добре 8. he is over from greece дошъл e от Гърция 9. he's english all over той e типичен англичанин 10. how long will yon be over it? колко време ще ти отнеме това? to stumble over a stone препъвам се в/o камък 11. i had to do it all over again трябваше да го правя пак от начало до край 12. i shall have something over ще ми остане нещо 13. i. над, върху (и прен.), край, до 14. ii. оттатък, отвъд, от/на другата страна 15. iii. горец, по-висш, по-висок 16. it costs over $50 струва над 50 долара 17. it's all over всичко e свършено 18. it's over and done with окончателно e свършено, напълно e уредено 19. iv. pref свръх-, над-, пре- 20. keep what is left over задръжте остатъка 21. nine divided by four makes two and one over девет делено на четири прави две и едно в остатък 22. over (to you)! сега e ваш ред! (радиотелеграфия и пр.) 23. over a glass of beer на чаша бира 24. over and above their wages освен/плюс/свръх надницата им 25. over and again много/безброй пъти, неведнъж 26. over europe, europe over из цяла Европа 27. over here ей ту к, отсам 28. over the past 25 years в течение на/през последните 25 години 29. over there ей там 30. oт (ръба на нещо) 31. she grieves over much тя скърби прекалено много 32. ten times over десет пъти едно след друго 33. the house over the way отсрещната къща 34. the milk boiled over млякото изкипя 35. the play is over пиесата свърши 36. the rain is over дъждът преваля 37. to ache all over всичко ме боли 38. to be mud all over/разг. all over mud целият съм покрит с кал 39. to escape over the frontier избягвам през границата 40. to fall over a cliff падам от скала 41. to fall over прекатурвам се 42. to flow over the edge проливам 43. to go over to the enemy преминавам към неприятеля 44. to go to sleep over one's work заспивам над работата си/както работя 45. to hand something over to someone предавам някому нещо 46. to jump over прескачам 47. to laugh over something смея се на/за нещо 48. to look over accounts преглеждам сметки 49. to paint over заличавам с боя 50. to search the town over претърсвам целия град 51. to set over the rest поставям над другите 52. to sit over the fire седя край/до огъня 53. to speak over one's shoulder говоря през рамо 54. to talk the matter over обсъждам/разисквам въпрос 55. to think something over премислям нещо 56. to turn something over and over обръщам нещо на всички страни 57. trouble over money парични затруднения 58. we are having some friends over поканили сме приятели у нас 59. with his coat over his shoulder с палто, преметнато през/на рамо 60. външен 61. допълнителен, извънреден, в повече 62. допълнително, отгоре, в остатък 63. за, относно, във връзка с 64. завършване, край 65. извънредно, необичайно, особено 66. над, повече от 67. насам, у/при мен, нас и пр 68. от край до край, изцяло, навсякъде 69. оттатък, отвъд, през 70. още веднъж, отново, пак (и over again) 71. падане, прекатурване пре- 72. по (радио, телефон и пр.) 73. по, на, из 74. предаване, преотстъпване и пр. пре- 75. през, през (цялото) време, в течение на 76. прекомерен* * *over[´ouvə] I. prep 1. над, върху, на; \over my head над главата ми; прен. 1) над умствените ми способности; трудно за разбиране; 2) без да се допита до мене; flung \over the back of a chair метнат върху облегалката на стол; to converse \over the fence разговарям през оградата; to sit \over the fire седя около (до) огъня; \over his signature с негов подпис; how long will you be \over it? колко време ще ти отнеме това? 2. по; на; из; to travel \over England пътувам из Англия; 3. през, през (цялото) време на, в течение на; he will not live \over today той не ще доживее до утре; to discuss business \over golf говоря по бизнес по време на голф (докато играя голф); can you stay \over Sunday? можеш ли да останеш и в неделя с нас? можеш ли да останеш до понеделник? 4. оттатък, отвъд, през; a bridge \over a stream мост през река; \over the river от другата страна на реката, отвъд реката; 5. от (ръба на нещо); to fall \over a cliff падам от скала; to flow \over the edge преливам; 6. над, повече от, свръх; \over forty над четиридесетте; I like that \over everything else това ми харесва повече от всичко друго; 7. по; чрез; I heard it \over the radio чух го по радиото; 8. за, относно, на тема; an argument \over nothing спор за глупости (нещо маловажно); • to be all \over s.o. 1) престаравам се да любезнича с някого; 2) много се възхищавам от някого; she is not \over her last love affair още не се е съвзела след последната си любовна афера (не е преодоляла чувствата си); \over and above his salary в допълнение към заплатата му; II. adv 1. оттатък, отвъд, от другата страна; \over here ей тук, отсам; \over against срещу, против; to reach \over пресягам се; 2. за падане, преливане; пре-: and \over I went и ето че се претърколих; to knock s.o. \over повалям някого с удар; 3. от, оттатък; invite him \over покани го да дойде при нас; 4. за предаване: to hand s.th. \over to s.o. връчвам някому нещо; to take \over 1) поемам; 2) пренасям; 5. от край до край; от начало до край; навсякъде; to search the town \over претърсвам целия град; to read a document \over прочитам документ от край до край; he's English all \over той е англичанин от глава до пети; that's you all \over! това е типично за тебе! същият (същата) си си останал(а)! to think s.th. \over премислям нещо; to talk \over the matter обсъждам въпроса; 6. (със значение на край или завършек): the rain is \over дъждът спря; it is all \over всичко е свършено; \over and done with напълно уредено, съвсем готово; 7. още веднъж, отново (и \over again); ten times \over десет пъти едно след друго; twice \over на два пъти; \over and again много пъти наведнъж, безброй пъти; to turn s.th. \over and \over обръщам и преобръщам нещо, обръщам нещо на всички страни; 8. допълнително, отгоре; в остатък; people aged 65 and \over хора на 65 години и нагоре; nine divided by four makes two and one \over девет, делено на четири, прави две и едно в остатък; 9. извънредно, необичайно, свръх, крайно; he was \over polite той се топеше (разтичаше) от любезност; much \over прекалено (твърде) много; • a pipe measuring three inches \over тръба, широка 3 инча (цола); \over and above освен това, в допълнение на, отгоре на това; на всичко отгоре; III. adj 1. горен, по-висок, по-висш; 2. външен; връхни; 3. допълнителен, извънреден; IV. n ам. 1. излишък; 2. воен. изстрел над мишената; 3. сп. последователно хвърляне на 6 топки (при игра на крикет); a maiden \over хвърляне на 6-те топки, без да се отбележи точка; 4. намятане, наметка, наддавка (при плетене); V. v рядко прескачам, прехвърлям; преминавам. -
18 BE
1. verb,Ex:we are — neg. (coll.) aren't; p.t. I was, neg. (coll.) wasn't, we were, neg. (coll.) weren't; pres. p. being; p.p. been copula/Ex:1) (indicating quality or attribute) seinshe is a mother/an Italian — sie ist Mutter/Italienerin
being a Frenchman, he likes wine — als Franzose trinkt er gern Wein
he is being nice to them/sarcastic — er ist nett zu ihnen/jetzt ist er sarkastisch
2) in exclamationwas she pleased! — war sie [vielleicht] froh!
aren't you a big boy! — was bist du schon für ein großer Junge!
3) will be (indicating supposition)[I dare say] you'll be a big boy by now — du bist jetzt sicher schon ein großer Junge
you'll be relieved to hear that — du wirst erleichtert sein, das zu hören
4) (indicating physical or mental welfare or state) sein; sich fühlenI am freezing — mich friert es
how are you/is she? — wie geht's (ugs.) /geht es ihr?
it is the 5th today — heute haben wir den Fünften
it is she, it's her — sie ist's
if I were you — an deiner Stelle
6) (indicating profession, pastime, etc.)be a teacher/a footballer — Lehrer/Fußballer sein
7) with possessiveit is hers — es ist ihrs; es gehört ihr
8) (cost) kostenhow much are the eggs? — was kosten die Eier?
9) (equal) seintwo times three is six, two threes are six — zweimal drei ist od. sind od. gibt sechs
sixteen ounces is a pound — sechzehn Unzen sind od. ergeben ein Pfund
10) (constitute) bildenLondon is not England — London ist nicht [gleich] England
11) (mean) bedeuten2. intransitive verb1) (exist) [vorhanden] sein; existierencan such things be? — kann es so etwas geben?; kann so etwas vorkommen?
I think, therefore I am — ich denke, also bin ich
there is/are... — es gibt...
be that as it may — wie dem auch sei
2) (remain) bleibenI shan't be a moment or second — ich komme gleich; noch eine Minute
she has been in her room for hours — sie ist schon seit Stunden in ihrem Zimmer
let him/her be — lass ihn/sie in Ruhe
3) (happen) stattfinden; seinwhere will the party be? — wo ist die Party?; wo findet die Party statt?
be off with you! — geh/geht!
I'm off or for home — ich gehe jetzt nach Hause
she's from Australia — sie stammt od. ist aus Australien
5) (on visit etc.) seinhave you [ever] been to London? — bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?
has anyone been? — ist jemand da gewesen?
6)she's been and tidied the room — (coll.) sie hat doch wirklich das Zimmer aufgeräumt
the children have been at the biscuits — die Kinder waren an den Keksen (ugs.)
3. auxiliary verbI've been into this matter — ich habe mich mit der Sache befasst
1) forming passive werden2) forming continuous tenses, activehe is reading — er liest [gerade]; er ist beim Lesen
I am leaving tomorrow — ich reise morgen [ab]
3) forming continuous tenses, passivethe house is/was being built — das Haus wird/wurde [gerade] gebaut
4) (expr. obligation)5) (expr. arrangement)the Queen is to arrive at 3 p.m. — die Königin soll um 15 Uhr eintreffen
6) (expr. possibility)7) (expr. destiny)8) (expr. condition)4.if I were to tell you that..., were I to tell you that... — wenn ich dir sagen würde, dass...
bride-/husband-to-be — zukünftige Braut/zukünftiger Ehemann
mother-/father-to-be — werdende Mutter/werdender Vater
* * *['bi: ɡi:]( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.)* * *be<was, been>[bi:, bi]vi + n/adj1. (describes) seinshe's quite rich/ugly sie ist ziemlich reich/hässlichwhat is that? was ist das?she's a doctor sie ist Ärztinwhat do you want to \be when you grow up? was willst du einmal werden, wenn du erwachsen bist?you need to \be certain before you make an accusation like that du musst dir ganz sicher sein, bevor du so eine Anschuldigung vorbringst“may I \be of service Madam?” the waiter asked „kann ich Ihnen behilflich sein, gnädige Frau?“ fragte der Kellnerto \be able to do sth etw tun können, in der Lage sein, etw zu tunto \be from a country/a town aus einem Land/einer Stadt kommen2. (composition) sein, bestehen ausis this plate pure gold? ist dieser Teller aus reinem Gold?3. (opinion)4. (calculation) sein, machen, kostentwo and two is four zwei und zwei ist vierthese books are 50p each diese Bücher kosten jeweils 50p5. (timing)to \be late/[right] on time zu spät/[genau] rechtzeitig kommenthe keys are in that box die Schlüssel befinden sich in der Schachtelthe food was on the table das Essen stand auf dem Tischhe's not here er ist nicht dato \be in a bad situation/trouble in einer schwierigen Situation/Schwierigkeiten seinthe postman hasn't been yet der Briefträger war noch nicht daI've never been to Kenya ich bin noch nie in Kenia gewesen8. (take place) stattfindenthe meeting is next Tuesday die Konferenz findet am nächsten Montag statt9. (do) seinto \be on benefit [or AM welfare] Sozialhilfe bekommen [o SCHWEIZ beziehen], Sozialhilfeempfänger/Sozialhilfeempfängerin seinto \be on a diet auf Diät seinto \be on the pill die Pille nehmento \be on standby/on holiday in [Ruf]bereitschaft/im Urlaub sein▪ to \be up to sth etw im Schild[e] führenlet her \be! lass sie in Ruhe!to \be or not to \be, that is the question Sein oder Nichtsein, das ist die Fragethere is/are... es gibt...can it [really] \be that...? ( form) ist es [tatsächlich] möglich, dass...?is it that...? ( form) kann es sein, dass...?12. (expresses ability)sth is to \be done etw kann getan werdenthe exhibition is currently to \be seen at the City Gallery die Ausstellung ist zurzeit in der Stadtgalerie zu besichtigen13.▪ to not \be to do sth etw nicht dürfenwhat are we to do? was sollen wir tun?you're to sit in the corner and keep quiet du sollst dich in die Ecke setzen und ruhig sein14.we are to visit Australia in the spring im Frühling reisen wir nach Australien; (expresses future in past)she was never to see her brother again sie sollte ihren Bruder nie mehr wiedersehen; (in conditionals)if I were you, I'd... an deiner Stelle würde ich...if he was to work harder, he'd get better grades wenn er härter arbeiten würde, bekäme er bessere Notenwere sb to do sth,... ( form) würde jd etw tun,...were I to refuse, they'd be very annoyed würde ich mich weigern, wären sie äußerst verärgert15. (impersonal use)what is it? was ist?what's it to \be? (what are you drinking) was möchten Sie trinken?; (please decide now) was soll es denn [nun] sein?it is only fair for me es erscheint mir nur fairis it true that you were asked to resign? stimmt es, dass man dir nahegelegt hat, dein Amt niederzulegen?it's not that I don't like her — it's just that we rarely agree on anything es ist nicht so, dass ich sie nicht mag — wir sind nur selten einer Meinungas it were sozusagen, gleichsam\be quiet or I'll...! sei still oder ich...!\be yourself! sei du selbst! [o ganz natürlich!17. (expresses continuation)▪ to \be doing sth gerade etw tundon't talk about that while I'm eating sprich nicht davon, während ich beim Essen binshe's studying to be a lawyer sie studiert, um Rechtsanwältin zu werdenit's raining es regnetyou're always complaining du beklagst dich dauernd18. (expresses passive)to \be asked/pushed gefragt/gestoßen werdento \be be discovered by sb von jdm gefunden werdento \be left an orphan als Waise zurückbleibento \be left speechless sprachlos sein19.▶ the \be-all and end-all das Ein und Alles [o A und O]▶ far \be it from sb to do sth nichts liegt jdm ferner, als etw zu tun▶ to \be off form nicht in Form sein▶ the joke is on sb jd ist der Dumme▶ \be that as it may wie dem auch sei\be off with you! go away! geh! hau ab! fam* * *[biː] pres am, is, are, pret was, were, ptp been1. COPULATIVE VERB1) with adjective, noun, pronoun seinwho's that? – it's me/that's Mary — wer ist das? – ich bins/das ist Mary
he is a soldier/a German — er ist Soldat/Deutscher
he wants to be a doctor — er möchte Arzt werden Note that the article is used in German only when the noun is qualified by an adjective.
he's a good student/a true Englishman — er ist ein guter Student/ein echter Engländer
2)referring to physical, mental state
how are you? — wie gehts?she's not at all well — es geht ihr gar nicht gut
to be hungry/thirsty — Hunger/Durst haben, hungrig/durstig sein
I am hot/cold/frozen — mir ist heiß/kalt/eiskalt
3) age seinhow old is she? —
4) = cost kostentwo times two is or are four — zwei mal zwei ist or sind or gibt vier
6) with possessive gehören (+dat)that book is your brother's/his — das Buch gehört Ihrem Bruder/ihm, das ist das Buch Ihres Bruders/das ist sein Buch
7)was he pleased to hear it! — er war vielleicht froh, das zu hören!but wasn't she glad when... — hat sie sich vielleicht gefreut, als...
8) Brit infhow are you for a beer? — hast du Lust auf ein Bier?
2. AUXILIARY VERB1)Note how German uses the simple tense:what are you doing? — was machst du da?they're coming tomorrow — sie kommen morgen Note how German uses the present tense:
you will be hearing from us — Sie hören von uns, Sie werden von uns hören Note the use of bei + infinitive:
we're just drinking coffee —
I was packing my case when... — ich war gerade beim Kofferpacken, als...
2) in passive constructions werdenhe was run over — er ist überfahren worden, er wurde überfahren
it is/was being repaired — es wird/wurde gerade repariert
I will not be intimidated — ich lasse mich nicht einschüchtern __diams; to be/not to be...
they are shortly to be married — sie werden bald heiraten
she was to be/was to have been dismissed but... — sie sollte entlassen werden, aber.../sie hätte entlassen werden sollen, aber...
he is to be pitied/not to be envied —
what is to be done? — was ist zu tun?, was soll geschehen?
I wasn't to tell you his name — ich sollte or durfte Ihnen nicht sagen, wie er heißt; (but I did) ich hätte Ihnen eigentlich nicht sagen sollen or dürfen, wie er heißt
he was not to be persuaded — er war nicht zu überreden, er ließ sich nicht überreden
if it were or was to snow — falls or wenn es schneien sollte
3)in tag questions/short answers
he's always late, isn't he? – yes he is — er kommt doch immer zu spät, nicht? – ja, das stimmtyou're not ill, are you? – yes I am/no I'm not — Sie sind doch nicht (etwa) krank? – doch!/nein
it's all done, is it? – yes it is/no it isn't — es ist also alles erledigt? – ja/nein
3. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) sein; (= remain) bleibenI'm going to Berlin – how long will you be there? — ich gehe nach Berlin – wie lange wirst du dort bleiben?
he is there at the moment but he won't be much longer — im Augenblick ist er dort, aber nicht mehr lange
we've been here a long time —
let me/him be — lass mich/ihn (in Ruhe)
3)= visit, call
I've been to Paris — ich war schon (ein)mal in Parishe has been and gone — er war da und ist wieder gegangen
I've just been and (gone and) broken it! — jetzt hab ichs tatsächlich kaputt gemacht (inf)
4)= like to have
who's for coffee/tee/biscuits? — wer möchte (gerne)Kaffee/Tee/Kekse?here is a book/are two books — hier ist ein Buch/sind zwei Bücher
there he was sitting at the table — da saß er nun am Tisch
4. IMPERSONAL VERBseinit is dark/morning — es ist dunkel/Morgen
tomorrow is Friday/the 14th of June — morgen ist Freitag/der 14. Juni, morgen haben wir Freitag/den 14. Juni
it is 5 km to the nearest town — es sind 5 km bis zur nächsten Stadt
who found it —
it was me or I (form) who said it first — ICH habe es zuerst gesagt, ich war derjenige, der es zuerst gesagt hat
were it not for the fact that I am a teacher, I would... —
were it not for him, if it weren't or wasn't for him — wenn er nicht wäre
* * *BE abk* * *1. verb,Ex:we are — neg. (coll.) aren't; p.t. I was, neg. (coll.) wasn't, we were, neg. (coll.) weren't; pres. p. being; p.p. been copula/Ex:she is a mother/an Italian — sie ist Mutter/Italienerin
being a Frenchman, he likes wine — als Franzose trinkt er gern Wein
he is being nice to them/sarcastic — er ist nett zu ihnen/jetzt ist er sarkastisch
2) in exclamationwas she pleased! — war sie [vielleicht] froh!
3) will be (indicating supposition)[I dare say] you'll be a big boy by now — du bist jetzt sicher schon ein großer Junge
you'll be relieved to hear that — du wirst erleichtert sein, das zu hören
4) (indicating physical or mental welfare or state) sein; sich fühlenhow are you/is she? — wie geht's (ugs.) /geht es ihr?
it is she, it's her — sie ist's
6) (indicating profession, pastime, etc.)be a teacher/a footballer — Lehrer/Fußballer sein
7) with possessiveit is hers — es ist ihrs; es gehört ihr
8) (cost) kosten9) (equal) seintwo times three is six, two threes are six — zweimal drei ist od. sind od. gibt sechs
sixteen ounces is a pound — sechzehn Unzen sind od. ergeben ein Pfund
10) (constitute) bildenLondon is not England — London ist nicht [gleich] England
11) (mean) bedeuten2. intransitive verb1) (exist) [vorhanden] sein; existierencan such things be? — kann es so etwas geben?; kann so etwas vorkommen?
I think, therefore I am — ich denke, also bin ich
there is/are... — es gibt...
2) (remain) bleibenI shan't be a moment or second — ich komme gleich; noch eine Minute
let him/her be — lass ihn/sie in Ruhe
3) (happen) stattfinden; seinwhere will the party be? — wo ist die Party?; wo findet die Party statt?
4) (go, come)be off with you! — geh/geht!
I'm off or for home — ich gehe jetzt nach Hause
she's from Australia — sie stammt od. ist aus Australien
5) (on visit etc.) seinhave you [ever] been to London? — bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?
6)3. auxiliary verbshe's been and tidied the room — (coll.) sie hat doch wirklich das Zimmer aufgeräumt
1) forming passive werden2) forming continuous tenses, activehe is reading — er liest [gerade]; er ist beim Lesen
I am leaving tomorrow — ich reise morgen [ab]
the train was departing when I got there — der Zug fuhr gerade ab, als ich ankam
3) forming continuous tenses, passivethe house is/was being built — das Haus wird/wurde [gerade] gebaut
4) (expr. obligation)5) (expr. arrangement)the Queen is to arrive at 3 p.m. — die Königin soll um 15 Uhr eintreffen
6) (expr. possibility)7) (expr. destiny)8) (expr. condition)4.if I were to tell you that..., were I to tell you that... — wenn ich dir sagen würde, dass...
bride-/husband-to-be — zukünftige Braut/zukünftiger Ehemann
mother-/father-to-be — werdende Mutter/werdender Vater
* * *(in a state of) shock expr.einen Schock haben ausdr. (left) stranded expr.auf dem trockenen sitzen ausdr.aufgeschmissen sein ausdr. (on a) level with expr.auf dem gleichen Niveau stehen wie ausdr.auf gleicher Höhe sein mit ausdr.genauso hoch sein wie ausdr. v.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been)= sein v.(§ p.,pp.: war, ist gewesen)sich befinden v.sich fühlen v. -
19 be
1. verb,Ex:we are — neg. (coll.) aren't; p.t. I was, neg. (coll.) wasn't, we were, neg. (coll.) weren't; pres. p. being; p.p. been copula/Ex:1) (indicating quality or attribute) seinshe is a mother/an Italian — sie ist Mutter/Italienerin
being a Frenchman, he likes wine — als Franzose trinkt er gern Wein
he is being nice to them/sarcastic — er ist nett zu ihnen/jetzt ist er sarkastisch
2) in exclamationwas she pleased! — war sie [vielleicht] froh!
aren't you a big boy! — was bist du schon für ein großer Junge!
3) will be (indicating supposition)[I dare say] you'll be a big boy by now — du bist jetzt sicher schon ein großer Junge
you'll be relieved to hear that — du wirst erleichtert sein, das zu hören
4) (indicating physical or mental welfare or state) sein; sich fühlenI am freezing — mich friert es
how are you/is she? — wie geht's (ugs.) /geht es ihr?
it is the 5th today — heute haben wir den Fünften
it is she, it's her — sie ist's
if I were you — an deiner Stelle
6) (indicating profession, pastime, etc.)be a teacher/a footballer — Lehrer/Fußballer sein
7) with possessiveit is hers — es ist ihrs; es gehört ihr
8) (cost) kostenhow much are the eggs? — was kosten die Eier?
9) (equal) seintwo times three is six, two threes are six — zweimal drei ist od. sind od. gibt sechs
sixteen ounces is a pound — sechzehn Unzen sind od. ergeben ein Pfund
10) (constitute) bildenLondon is not England — London ist nicht [gleich] England
11) (mean) bedeuten2. intransitive verb1) (exist) [vorhanden] sein; existierencan such things be? — kann es so etwas geben?; kann so etwas vorkommen?
I think, therefore I am — ich denke, also bin ich
there is/are... — es gibt...
be that as it may — wie dem auch sei
2) (remain) bleibenI shan't be a moment or second — ich komme gleich; noch eine Minute
she has been in her room for hours — sie ist schon seit Stunden in ihrem Zimmer
let him/her be — lass ihn/sie in Ruhe
3) (happen) stattfinden; seinwhere will the party be? — wo ist die Party?; wo findet die Party statt?
be off with you! — geh/geht!
I'm off or for home — ich gehe jetzt nach Hause
she's from Australia — sie stammt od. ist aus Australien
5) (on visit etc.) seinhave you [ever] been to London? — bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?
has anyone been? — ist jemand da gewesen?
6)she's been and tidied the room — (coll.) sie hat doch wirklich das Zimmer aufgeräumt
the children have been at the biscuits — die Kinder waren an den Keksen (ugs.)
3. auxiliary verbI've been into this matter — ich habe mich mit der Sache befasst
1) forming passive werden2) forming continuous tenses, activehe is reading — er liest [gerade]; er ist beim Lesen
I am leaving tomorrow — ich reise morgen [ab]
3) forming continuous tenses, passivethe house is/was being built — das Haus wird/wurde [gerade] gebaut
4) (expr. obligation)5) (expr. arrangement)the Queen is to arrive at 3 p.m. — die Königin soll um 15 Uhr eintreffen
6) (expr. possibility)7) (expr. destiny)8) (expr. condition)4.if I were to tell you that..., were I to tell you that... — wenn ich dir sagen würde, dass...
bride-/husband-to-be — zukünftige Braut/zukünftiger Ehemann
mother-/father-to-be — werdende Mutter/werdender Vater
* * *['bi: ɡi:]( abbreviation) (Bachelor of Engineering; first degree in Engineering.)* * *be<was, been>[bi:, bi]vi + n/adj1. (describes) seinshe's quite rich/ugly sie ist ziemlich reich/hässlichwhat is that? was ist das?she's a doctor sie ist Ärztinwhat do you want to \be when you grow up? was willst du einmal werden, wenn du erwachsen bist?you need to \be certain before you make an accusation like that du musst dir ganz sicher sein, bevor du so eine Anschuldigung vorbringst“may I \be of service Madam?” the waiter asked „kann ich Ihnen behilflich sein, gnädige Frau?“ fragte der Kellnerto \be able to do sth etw tun können, in der Lage sein, etw zu tunto \be from a country/a town aus einem Land/einer Stadt kommen2. (composition) sein, bestehen ausis this plate pure gold? ist dieser Teller aus reinem Gold?3. (opinion)4. (calculation) sein, machen, kostentwo and two is four zwei und zwei ist vierthese books are 50p each diese Bücher kosten jeweils 50p5. (timing)to \be late/[right] on time zu spät/[genau] rechtzeitig kommenthe keys are in that box die Schlüssel befinden sich in der Schachtelthe food was on the table das Essen stand auf dem Tischhe's not here er ist nicht dato \be in a bad situation/trouble in einer schwierigen Situation/Schwierigkeiten seinthe postman hasn't been yet der Briefträger war noch nicht daI've never been to Kenya ich bin noch nie in Kenia gewesen8. (take place) stattfindenthe meeting is next Tuesday die Konferenz findet am nächsten Montag statt9. (do) seinto \be on benefit [or AM welfare] Sozialhilfe bekommen [o SCHWEIZ beziehen], Sozialhilfeempfänger/Sozialhilfeempfängerin seinto \be on a diet auf Diät seinto \be on the pill die Pille nehmento \be on standby/on holiday in [Ruf]bereitschaft/im Urlaub sein▪ to \be up to sth etw im Schild[e] führenlet her \be! lass sie in Ruhe!to \be or not to \be, that is the question Sein oder Nichtsein, das ist die Fragethere is/are... es gibt...can it [really] \be that...? ( form) ist es [tatsächlich] möglich, dass...?is it that...? ( form) kann es sein, dass...?12. (expresses ability)sth is to \be done etw kann getan werdenthe exhibition is currently to \be seen at the City Gallery die Ausstellung ist zurzeit in der Stadtgalerie zu besichtigen13.▪ to not \be to do sth etw nicht dürfenwhat are we to do? was sollen wir tun?you're to sit in the corner and keep quiet du sollst dich in die Ecke setzen und ruhig sein14.we are to visit Australia in the spring im Frühling reisen wir nach Australien; (expresses future in past)she was never to see her brother again sie sollte ihren Bruder nie mehr wiedersehen; (in conditionals)if I were you, I'd... an deiner Stelle würde ich...if he was to work harder, he'd get better grades wenn er härter arbeiten würde, bekäme er bessere Notenwere sb to do sth,... ( form) würde jd etw tun,...were I to refuse, they'd be very annoyed würde ich mich weigern, wären sie äußerst verärgert15. (impersonal use)what is it? was ist?what's it to \be? (what are you drinking) was möchten Sie trinken?; (please decide now) was soll es denn [nun] sein?it is only fair for me es erscheint mir nur fairis it true that you were asked to resign? stimmt es, dass man dir nahegelegt hat, dein Amt niederzulegen?it's not that I don't like her — it's just that we rarely agree on anything es ist nicht so, dass ich sie nicht mag — wir sind nur selten einer Meinungas it were sozusagen, gleichsam\be quiet or I'll...! sei still oder ich...!\be yourself! sei du selbst! [o ganz natürlich!17. (expresses continuation)▪ to \be doing sth gerade etw tundon't talk about that while I'm eating sprich nicht davon, während ich beim Essen binshe's studying to be a lawyer sie studiert, um Rechtsanwältin zu werdenit's raining es regnetyou're always complaining du beklagst dich dauernd18. (expresses passive)to \be asked/pushed gefragt/gestoßen werdento \be be discovered by sb von jdm gefunden werdento \be left an orphan als Waise zurückbleibento \be left speechless sprachlos sein19.▶ the \be-all and end-all das Ein und Alles [o A und O]▶ far \be it from sb to do sth nichts liegt jdm ferner, als etw zu tun▶ to \be off form nicht in Form sein▶ the joke is on sb jd ist der Dumme▶ \be that as it may wie dem auch sei\be off with you! go away! geh! hau ab! fam* * *[biː] pres am, is, are, pret was, were, ptp been1. COPULATIVE VERB1) with adjective, noun, pronoun seinwho's that? – it's me/that's Mary — wer ist das? – ich bins/das ist Mary
he is a soldier/a German — er ist Soldat/Deutscher
he wants to be a doctor — er möchte Arzt werden Note that the article is used in German only when the noun is qualified by an adjective.
he's a good student/a true Englishman — er ist ein guter Student/ein echter Engländer
2)referring to physical, mental state
how are you? — wie gehts?she's not at all well — es geht ihr gar nicht gut
to be hungry/thirsty — Hunger/Durst haben, hungrig/durstig sein
I am hot/cold/frozen — mir ist heiß/kalt/eiskalt
3) age seinhow old is she? —
4) = cost kostentwo times two is or are four — zwei mal zwei ist or sind or gibt vier
6) with possessive gehören (+dat)that book is your brother's/his — das Buch gehört Ihrem Bruder/ihm, das ist das Buch Ihres Bruders/das ist sein Buch
7)was he pleased to hear it! — er war vielleicht froh, das zu hören!but wasn't she glad when... — hat sie sich vielleicht gefreut, als...
8) Brit infhow are you for a beer? — hast du Lust auf ein Bier?
2. AUXILIARY VERB1)Note how German uses the simple tense:what are you doing? — was machst du da?they're coming tomorrow — sie kommen morgen Note how German uses the present tense:
you will be hearing from us — Sie hören von uns, Sie werden von uns hören Note the use of bei + infinitive:
we're just drinking coffee —
I was packing my case when... — ich war gerade beim Kofferpacken, als...
2) in passive constructions werdenhe was run over — er ist überfahren worden, er wurde überfahren
it is/was being repaired — es wird/wurde gerade repariert
I will not be intimidated — ich lasse mich nicht einschüchtern __diams; to be/not to be...
they are shortly to be married — sie werden bald heiraten
she was to be/was to have been dismissed but... — sie sollte entlassen werden, aber.../sie hätte entlassen werden sollen, aber...
he is to be pitied/not to be envied —
what is to be done? — was ist zu tun?, was soll geschehen?
I wasn't to tell you his name — ich sollte or durfte Ihnen nicht sagen, wie er heißt; (but I did) ich hätte Ihnen eigentlich nicht sagen sollen or dürfen, wie er heißt
he was not to be persuaded — er war nicht zu überreden, er ließ sich nicht überreden
if it were or was to snow — falls or wenn es schneien sollte
3)in tag questions/short answers
he's always late, isn't he? – yes he is — er kommt doch immer zu spät, nicht? – ja, das stimmtyou're not ill, are you? – yes I am/no I'm not — Sie sind doch nicht (etwa) krank? – doch!/nein
it's all done, is it? – yes it is/no it isn't — es ist also alles erledigt? – ja/nein
3. INTRANSITIVE VERB1) sein; (= remain) bleibenI'm going to Berlin – how long will you be there? — ich gehe nach Berlin – wie lange wirst du dort bleiben?
he is there at the moment but he won't be much longer — im Augenblick ist er dort, aber nicht mehr lange
we've been here a long time —
let me/him be — lass mich/ihn (in Ruhe)
3)= visit, call
I've been to Paris — ich war schon (ein)mal in Parishe has been and gone — er war da und ist wieder gegangen
I've just been and (gone and) broken it! — jetzt hab ichs tatsächlich kaputt gemacht (inf)
4)= like to have
who's for coffee/tee/biscuits? — wer möchte (gerne)Kaffee/Tee/Kekse?here is a book/are two books — hier ist ein Buch/sind zwei Bücher
there he was sitting at the table — da saß er nun am Tisch
4. IMPERSONAL VERBseinit is dark/morning — es ist dunkel/Morgen
tomorrow is Friday/the 14th of June — morgen ist Freitag/der 14. Juni, morgen haben wir Freitag/den 14. Juni
it is 5 km to the nearest town — es sind 5 km bis zur nächsten Stadt
who found it —
it was me or I (form) who said it first — ICH habe es zuerst gesagt, ich war derjenige, der es zuerst gesagt hat
were it not for the fact that I am a teacher, I would... —
were it not for him, if it weren't or wasn't for him — wenn er nicht wäre
* * *be [biː] 1. sg präs am [æm], 2. sg präs are [ɑː(r)], obs art [ɑː(r)t], 3. sg präs is [ız], pl präs are [ɑː(r)], 1. und 3. sg prät was [wɒz; wəz; US wɑz], 2. sg prät were [wɜː; US wɜr], pl prät were [wɜː; US wɜr], pperf been [biːn; bın], ppr being [ˈbiːıŋ]A v/aux1. sein (mit dem pperf zur Bildung des Passivs):he is gone er ist weg;I am come obs ich bin da2. werden (mit dem pperf zur Bildung des passiv):the register was signed das Protokoll wurde unterzeichnet;we were appealed to man wandte sich an uns;you will be sent for man wird Sie holen lassenhe is to be pitied er ist zu bedauern;he is to die er muss oder soll sterben;it is not to be seen es ist nicht zu sehen;he was to become a great writer er sollte ein großer Schriftsteller werden;it was not to be es sollte nicht sein, es hat nicht sollen sein;if I were to die wenn ich sterben sollte4. (mit dem ppr eines anderen Verbs zur Bildung der Verlaufsform):he is reading er liest (eben oder gerade), er ist beim Lesen;he was smoking when the teacher entered er rauchte (gerade), als der Lehrer hereinkam;I am going to Paris tomorrow ich fahre morgen nach Paris6. (als Kopula) sein:B v/i1. (Zustand oder Beschaffenheit bezeichnend) sein, sich befinden, der Fall sein:the mirror is too high der Spiegel hängt zu hoch;they are for export only sie sind nur für den Export bestimmt;where was I? wo war ich stehen geblieben?;let him be lass ihn in Ruhe!;be it so, so be it, let it be so gut so, so sei es;be it that … gesetzt den Fall, (dass) …;how is it that …? wie kommt es, dass …?;be that as it may wie dem auch sei2. (vorhanden) sein, bestehen, existieren:I think, therefore I am ich denke, also bin ich;he is no more er ist (lebt) nicht mehr;to be or not to be, that is the question Sein oder Nichtsein, das ist hier die Frage3. a) geschehen, stattfinden, vor sich gehen, sein:when will the meeting be? wann findet die Versammlung statt?b) gehen, fahren (Bus etc):when is the next bus?4. (beruflich oder altersmäßig) werden:I’ll be an engineer ich werde Ingenieur (wenn ich erwachsen bin);what do you want to be when you grow up? was willst du einmal werden?;you should have been a priest du hättest Priester werden sollen;I’ll be 50 next month ich werde nächsten Monat 50;she was 26 last month sie wurde letzten Monat 265. (eine bestimmte Zeit) her sein:it is ten years since he died es ist zehn Jahre her, dass er starb; er starb vor zehn Jahren6. (aus)gegangen sein (mit Formen der Vergangenheit und Angabe des Zieles der Bewegung):he had been to town er war in die Stadt gegangen;he had been bathing er war baden (gegangen);I won’t be long ich werde nicht lange wegbleiben7. (mit dem Possessiv) gehören:this book is my sister’s das Buch gehört meiner Schwester;are these glasses yours? gehört die Brille dir?, ist das deine Brille?8. stammen ( from aus):he is from Liverpool er ist oder stammt aus Liverpool9. a) kosten:how much are the gloves? was kosten die Handschuhe?b) betragen (Preis):that’ll be £4.15 das macht 4 Pfund 1510. bedeuten:what is that to me? was kümmert mich das?11. zur Bekräftigung der bejahenden oder verneinenden Antwort: are these your cigarettes? yes, they are (no, they aren’t) ja (nein)12. dauern:it will probably be some time before … es wird wahrscheinlich einige Zeit dauern, bis …13. FILM, TV mitwirken (in in dat):be an hour in going to … eine Stunde brauchen, um nach … zu gehen;has any one been? umg ist jemand da gewesen?;the government that is (was) die gegenwärtige (vergangene) Regierung;my wife that is to be obs meine zukünftige Frau;I am next, am I not (od umg aren’t I) ? ich bin der Nächste, nicht wahr?;he is not dead, is he? er ist doch nicht (etwa) tot?;have you ever been to Rome? sind Sie schon einmal in Rom gewesen?;we have been into the matter wir haben uns damit (bereits) befasst;I’ve been through all this before ich hab das alles schon einmal mitgemacht* * *1. verb,Ex:we are — neg. (coll.) aren't; p.t. I was, neg. (coll.) wasn't, we were, neg. (coll.) weren't; pres. p. being; p.p. been copula/Ex:she is a mother/an Italian — sie ist Mutter/Italienerin
being a Frenchman, he likes wine — als Franzose trinkt er gern Wein
he is being nice to them/sarcastic — er ist nett zu ihnen/jetzt ist er sarkastisch
2) in exclamationwas she pleased! — war sie [vielleicht] froh!
3) will be (indicating supposition)[I dare say] you'll be a big boy by now — du bist jetzt sicher schon ein großer Junge
you'll be relieved to hear that — du wirst erleichtert sein, das zu hören
4) (indicating physical or mental welfare or state) sein; sich fühlenhow are you/is she? — wie geht's (ugs.) /geht es ihr?
it is she, it's her — sie ist's
6) (indicating profession, pastime, etc.)be a teacher/a footballer — Lehrer/Fußballer sein
7) with possessiveit is hers — es ist ihrs; es gehört ihr
8) (cost) kosten9) (equal) seintwo times three is six, two threes are six — zweimal drei ist od. sind od. gibt sechs
sixteen ounces is a pound — sechzehn Unzen sind od. ergeben ein Pfund
10) (constitute) bildenLondon is not England — London ist nicht [gleich] England
11) (mean) bedeuten2. intransitive verb1) (exist) [vorhanden] sein; existierencan such things be? — kann es so etwas geben?; kann so etwas vorkommen?
I think, therefore I am — ich denke, also bin ich
there is/are... — es gibt...
2) (remain) bleibenI shan't be a moment or second — ich komme gleich; noch eine Minute
let him/her be — lass ihn/sie in Ruhe
3) (happen) stattfinden; seinwhere will the party be? — wo ist die Party?; wo findet die Party statt?
4) (go, come)be off with you! — geh/geht!
I'm off or for home — ich gehe jetzt nach Hause
she's from Australia — sie stammt od. ist aus Australien
5) (on visit etc.) seinhave you [ever] been to London? — bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?
6)3. auxiliary verbshe's been and tidied the room — (coll.) sie hat doch wirklich das Zimmer aufgeräumt
1) forming passive werden2) forming continuous tenses, activehe is reading — er liest [gerade]; er ist beim Lesen
I am leaving tomorrow — ich reise morgen [ab]
the train was departing when I got there — der Zug fuhr gerade ab, als ich ankam
3) forming continuous tenses, passivethe house is/was being built — das Haus wird/wurde [gerade] gebaut
4) (expr. obligation)5) (expr. arrangement)the Queen is to arrive at 3 p.m. — die Königin soll um 15 Uhr eintreffen
6) (expr. possibility)7) (expr. destiny)8) (expr. condition)4.if I were to tell you that..., were I to tell you that... — wenn ich dir sagen würde, dass...
bride-/husband-to-be — zukünftige Braut/zukünftiger Ehemann
mother-/father-to-be — werdende Mutter/werdender Vater
* * *(in a state of) shock expr.einen Schock haben ausdr. (left) stranded expr.auf dem trockenen sitzen ausdr.aufgeschmissen sein ausdr. (on a) level with expr.auf dem gleichen Niveau stehen wie ausdr.auf gleicher Höhe sein mit ausdr.genauso hoch sein wie ausdr. v.(§ p.,p.p.: was, were, been)= sein v.(§ p.,pp.: war, ist gewesen)sich befinden v.sich fühlen v. -
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back [bæk]vers l'arrière ⇒ 1 (a) re + verbe ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (c) de derrière ⇒ 2 (a) arrière ⇒ 2 (a), 3 (g) dos ⇒ 3 (a)-(c), 3 (e), 3 (f) fond ⇒ 3 (d) reculer ⇒ 4 (a), 5 (a) financer ⇒ 4 (b) parier sur ⇒ 4 (c)1 adverb(a) (towards the rear) vers l'arrière, en arrière;∎ he stepped back il a reculé d'un pas, il a fait un pas en arrière;∎ I pushed back my chair j'ai reculé ma chaise;∎ she tied her hair back elle a attaché ses cheveux;∎ he glanced back il a regardé derrière lui;∎ house set or standing back from the road maison écartée du chemin ou en retrait∎ to come back revenir;∎ to go back (return) retourner;∎ to go or turn back (retrace footsteps) rebrousser chemin;∎ we went back home nous sommes rentrés (à la maison);∎ my headache's back j'ai de nouveau mal à la tête, mon mal de tête a recommencé;∎ they'll be back on Monday ils rentrent ou ils seront de retour lundi;∎ I'll be right back je reviens tout de suite;∎ I'll be back (threat) vous me reverrez;∎ we expect him back tomorrow il doit rentrer demain;∎ as soon as you get back dès votre retour;∎ is he back at work? a-t-il repris le travail?;∎ he's just back from Moscow il arrive ou rentre de Moscou;∎ we went to town and back nous avons fait un saut en ville;∎ he went to his aunt's and back il a fait l'aller et retour chez sa tante;∎ the trip to Madrid and back takes three hours il faut trois heures pour aller à Madrid et revenir;∎ meanwhile, back in Washington entre-temps, à Washington;∎ back home, there's no school on Saturdays chez moi ou nous, il n'y a pas d'école le samedi;∎ Commerce the back-to-school sales les soldes fpl de la rentrée∎ she wants her children back elle veut qu'on lui rende ses enfants;∎ he went back to sleep il s'est rendormi;∎ business soon got back to normal les affaires ont vite repris leur cours normal;∎ miniskirts are coming back (in fashion) les minijupes reviennent à la mode∎ six pages back six pages plus haut;∎ back in the 17th century au 17ème siècle;∎ as far back as I can remember d'aussi loin que je m'en souvienne;∎ back in November déjà au mois de novembre;∎ familiar ten years back il y a dix ans□(e) (in reply, in return)∎ you should ask for your money back vous devriez demander un remboursement ou qu'on vous rembourse;∎ I hit him back je lui ai rendu son coup;∎ if you kick me I'll kick you back si tu me donnes un coup de pied, je te le rendrai;∎ she smiled back at him elle lui a répondu par un sourire;∎ to write back répondre (par écrit);∎ to get one's own back (on sb) prendre sa revanche (sur qn);∎ that's her way of getting back at you c'est sa façon de prendre sa revanche sur toi(a) (rear → door, garden) de derrière; (→ wheel) arrière (inv); (→ seat) arrière (inv), de derrière;∎ the back legs of a horse les pattes fpl arrière d'un cheval;∎ back entrance entrée f située à l'arrière;∎ the back room is the quietest la pièce qui donne sur l'arrière est la plus calme;∎ the back page of the newspaper la dernière page du journal;∎ to put sth on the back burner remettre qch à plus tard(b) (quiet → lane, road) écarté, isolé3 noun(a) (part of body) dos m;∎ back pain mal m de dos;∎ to have a back problem avoir des problèmes de dos;∎ she carried her baby on her back elle portait son bébé sur son dos;∎ I fell flat on my back je suis tombé à la renverse ou sur le dos;∎ we lay on our backs nous étions allongés sur le dos;∎ my back aches j'ai mal au dos;∎ the cat arched its back le chat a fait le gros dos;∎ I only saw them from the back je ne les ai vus que de dos;∎ she sat with her back to the window elle était assise le dos tourné à la fenêtre;∎ sitting with one's back to the light assis à contre-jour;∎ he was sitting with his back to the wall il était assis, dos au mur;∎ figurative to have one's back to the wall être au pied du mur;∎ to turn one's back on sb tourner le dos à qn; figurative abandonner qn;∎ when my back was turned quand j'avais le dos tourné;∎ you had your back to me tu me tournais le dos;∎ they have the police at their backs (in support) ils ont la police avec eux; (in pursuit) ils ont la police à leurs trousses;∎ with an army at his back (supporting him) soutenu par une armée;∎ to do sth behind sb's back faire qch dans le dos de qn;∎ he laughs at you behind your back il se moque de vous quand vous avez le dos tourné ou dans votre dos;∎ to talk about sb behind their back dire du mal de qn dans son dos;∎ the decision was taken behind my back la décision a été prise derrière mon dos;∎ he went behind my back to the boss il est allé voir le patron derrière mon dos ou à mon insu;∎ to be flat on one's back (bedridden) être alité ou cloué au lit;∎ familiar get off my back! fiche-moi la paix!;∎ mind your backs! attention, s'il vous plaît!;∎ the rich live off the backs of the poor les riches vivent sur le dos des pauvres;∎ to put sb's back up énerver qn;∎ to put one's back into sth mettre toute son énergie dans qch;∎ familiar that's it, put your back into it! allez, un peu de nerf!;∎ to put one's back out se faire mal au dos;∎ I'll be glad to see the back of her je serai content de la voir partir ou d'être débarrassé d'elle(b) (part opposite the front → gen) dos m, derrière m; (→ of coat, shirt, door) dos m; (→ of vehicle, building, head) arrière m; (→ of train) queue f; (→ of book) fin f;∎ to sit in the back (of car) monter à l'arrière;∎ to sit at the back (of bus) s'asseoir à l'arrière;∎ the carriage at the back of the train la voiture en queue de ou du train;∎ at the back of the book à la fin du livre;∎ the garden is out or round the back le jardin se trouve derrière la maison;∎ the dress fastens at the back or American in back la robe s'agrafe dans le dos;∎ there was an advert on the back of the bus il y avait une publicité à l'arrière du bus;∎ familiar she's got a face like the back of a bus elle est moche comme un pou(c) (other side → of hand, spoon, envelope) dos m; (→ of carpet, coin, medal) revers m; (→ of fabric) envers m; (→ of page) verso m; Finance (→ of cheque) dos m, verso m;∎ I know this town like the back of my hand je connais cette ville comme ma poche;∎ familiar you'll feel the back of my hand in a minute! tu vas en prendre une!(d) (farthest from the front → of cupboard, room, stage) fond m;∎ back of the mouth arrière-bouche f;∎ back of the throat arrière-gorge f;∎ we'd like a table at the or in the very back nous voudrions une table tout au fond;∎ familiar in the back of beyond en pleine brousse, au diable vauvert;∎ it was always there at the back of his mind that… l'idée ne le quittait pas que…;∎ it's something to keep at the back of your mind c'est quelque chose à ne pas oublier;∎ I've had it or it's been at the back of my mind for ages j'y pense depuis longtemps, ça fait longtemps que ça me travaille(f) (of chair) dos m, dossier m∎ (full) back arrière m;∎ right/left back arrière m droit/gauche∎ I backed the car into the garage j'ai mis la voiture dans le garage en marche arrière;∎ she backed him into the next room elle l'a fait reculer dans la pièce d'à côté(b) Commerce (support financially → company, venture) financer, commanditer; Finance (→ loan) garantir;∎ Finance to back a bill avaliser ou endosser un effet(c) (encourage → efforts, person, venture) encourager, appuyer, soutenir; Politics (→ candidate, bill) soutenir;∎ we backed her in her fight against racism nous l'avons soutenue dans sa lutte contre le racisme;∎ Sport to back a winner (horse, team) parier ou miser sur un gagnant; Finance & Commerce (company, stock) bien placer son argent; figurative jouer la bonne carte;∎ figurative to back the wrong horse parier ou miser sur le mauvais cheval(e) Textiles (strengthen, provide backing for → curtain, material) doubler; (→ picture, paper) renforcer∎ the car backed into the driveway la voiture est entrée en marche arrière dans l'allée;∎ I backed into my neighbour's car je suis rentré dans la voiture de mon voisin en reculant;∎ I backed into a corner je me suis retiré dans un coin∎ to go back and forth (person) faire des allées et venues; (machine, piston) faire un mouvement de va-et-vient;∎ his eyes darted back and forth il regardait de droite à gauchedevant derrière, à l'envers;∎ you've got your pullover on back to front tu as mis ton pull devant derrièreAmerican derrière►► Technology back boiler = ballon d'eau chaude situé derrière un foyer;Press back copy vieux numéro m;Australian & New Zealand back country campagne f, arrière-pays m inv;∎ figurative to get in through or by the back door être pistonné;∎ the back end of the year l'arrière-saison;Linguistics back formation dérivation f régressive;American back haul = trajet de retour d'un camion;Finance back interest arrérages mpl, intérêts mpl arriérés;Press back issue vieux numéro m;Golf the back nine les neuf derniers trous mpl;Press back number vieux numéro m;Banking back office back-office m;back office staff personnels mpl de back-office;Commerce back orders commandes fpl en souffrance;back page dernière page f;Football back pass passe f en retrait;back pay rappel m de salaire;back rent arriéré m de loyer;back road petite route f;back room (in house) pièce f de derrière; (in shop) arrière-boutique f; (for research) laboratoire m de recherche secret;back seat siège m arrière;back shift (people) = équipe du soir;∎ I hate the back shift je déteste être du soir;∎ to work or be on the back shift être (de l'équipe) du soir;Linguistics back slang ≃ verlan m;back straight ligne f (droite) d'en face;back street petite rue f;∎ I grew up in the back streets of Chicago j'ai été élevé dans les mauvais quartiers de Chicago;Horseracing back stretch (on race course) ligne f d'en face;Finance back taxes arriéré m d'impôts∎ she backed away from him elle a reculé devant lui;∎ figurative they have backed away from making a decision ils se sont abstenus de prendre une décision(accept defeat → in argument) admettre qu'on est dans son tort; (→ in conflict) faire marche arrière;∎ he finally backed down on the issue of membership il a fini par céder sur la question de l'adhésion(a) (withdraw) reculer;(b) American (accept defeat → in argument) admettre qu'on est dans son tort; (→ in conflict) faire marche arrière(have back facing towards) donner sur (à l'arrière);∎ the house backs onto the river l'arrière de la maison donne sur la rivière∎ don't back out now! ne faites pas marche arrière maintenant!;∎ they backed out of the deal ils se sont retirés de l'affaire;∎ to back out of a contract se rétracter ou se retirer d'un contrat;∎ he's trying to back out (of it) il voudrait se dédire➲ back up∎ to back sb up in an argument donner raison à qn;∎ her story is backed up by eye witnesses sa version des faits est confirmée par des témoins oculaires;∎ he backed this up with a few facts il a étayé ça avec quelques faits∎ traffic is backed up for 5 miles ≃ il y a un embouteillage sur 8 kmComputing sauvegarder
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